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11 | :Author: David Goodger (goodger@python.org) |
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338 | </style> |
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339 | </head> |
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340 | <body> |
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341 | <div class="document" id="fitting-perspective"> |
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342 | <h1 class="title">Fitting Perspective</h1> |
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343 | |
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344 | <!-- fitting_help.rst --> |
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345 | <!-- This is a port of the original SasView html help file to ReSTructured text --> |
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346 | <!-- by S King, ISIS, during SasView CodeCamp-III in Feb 2015. --> |
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347 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#load-a-file">Load_a_File</a></p> |
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348 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#single-fit">Single_Fit</a></p> |
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349 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#simultaneous-fitting">Simultaneous_Fitting</a></p> |
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350 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#batch-fitting">Batch_Fitting</a></p> |
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351 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#model-selection">Model_Selection</a></p> |
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352 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#model-category-manager">Model_Category_Manager</a></p> |
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353 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#model-functions">Model_Functions</a></p> |
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354 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#custom-model-editor">Custom_Model_Editor</a></p> |
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355 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#polydispersity-distributions">Polydispersity_Distributions</a></p> |
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356 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#smearing-computation">Smearing_Computation</a></p> |
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357 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#polarisation-magnetic-scattering">Polarisation_Magnetic_Scattering</a></p> |
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358 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#key-combinations">Key_Combinations</a></p> |
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359 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#status-bar-help">Status_Bar_Help</a></p> |
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360 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
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361 | <div class="section" id="id1"> |
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362 | <span id="load-a-file"></span><h1>Load a File</h1> |
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363 | <p>From Menu go to <em>Data</em> -> <em>Load Data File(or Folder)</em> . Select a file/folder |
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364 | from the menu bar and click on Open button. Data contained in the file will be |
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365 | displayed. To cancel the loading click on <em>cancel</em> . In case a file can not be |
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366 | loaded, an error message will be displayed on the statusbar.</p> |
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367 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
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368 | </div> |
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369 | <div class="section" id="id2"> |
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370 | <span id="single-fit"></span><h1>Single Fit</h1> |
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371 | <p>One of two fit-engines can be chosen from the Fitting menu bar. The Simple Fit- |
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372 | engine uses Scipy's leasqr and the Complex Fit-Engine is a custom optimizer |
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373 | that provides a better chance to find the global minimum of the <a href="#id3"><span class="problematic" id="id4">|</span></a>chi|2 but that |
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374 | requires longer computation time. In order to set a data to a control panel |
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375 | (FitPage), see the "DataLoader Help". Once a data set to the FiPage, select a |
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376 | model from the combo box. The default parameters of the model will be display. |
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377 | Set initial parameters if need. Check and uncheck parameters to fit/fix. Click |
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378 | the <em>'Fit'</em> button. When the fitting is finished, the resultant parameter |
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379 | values will be displayed with the errors. If a error is missing, it generally |
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380 | means that the corresponding parameter is not very depending on the model. The |
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381 | chisq/Npt_fit and the plot associated with the fit operation will be also |
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382 | updated.</p> |
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383 | <div class="system-message" id="id3"> |
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384 | <p class="system-message-title">System Message: WARNING/2 (<tt class="docutils">C:/Code/Eclipse_workspace/SasViewTrunk/src/sas/perspectives/fitting/media/fitting_help.rst</tt>, line 73); <em><a href="#id4">backlink</a></em></p> |
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385 | Inline substitution_reference start-string without end-string.</div> |
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386 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
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387 | </div> |
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388 | <div class="section" id="id5"> |
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389 | <span id="simultaneous-fitting"></span><h1>Simultaneous Fitting</h1> |
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390 | <p>This fitting option enables to set a number of the constraints between the |
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391 | parameters of fitting(s). It requires one or more FitPages with a data and a |
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392 | model set for the fitting, and performs multiple fittings given by the |
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393 | FitPage(s). The Complex (ParkMC) FitEngine will be used automatically.</p> |
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394 | <p>Simultaneous Fit without Constraint</p> |
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395 | <p>Assuming some FitPages are already set up, check the checkboxes of the |
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396 | model_data rows to fit. And click the 'Fit' button. The results will return to |
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397 | each FitPages.</p> |
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398 | <p>Note that the chi2/Npts returned is the sum of the chi2/Npts of each fits. If |
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399 | one needs the chi2 value only for a page, click the 'Compute' button in the |
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400 | FitPage to recalculate.</p> |
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401 | <p>Simultaneous Fit with Constraint</p> |
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402 | <p>Enter constraint in the text control next to <em>constraint fit</em> button. |
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403 | Constraint should be of type model1 parameter name = f(model2 parameter name) |
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404 | for example, M0.radius=2*M1.radius. Many constraints can be entered for a |
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405 | single fit. Each of them should be separated by a newline charater or ";" |
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406 | The easy setup can generate many constraint inputs easily when the selected |
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407 | two models are the same type.</p> |
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408 | <p>Note that the chi2/Npts returned is the sum of the chi2/Npts of each fits. |
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409 | If one needs the chi2 value only for one fit, click the 'Compute' button in |
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410 | the FitPage to recalculate.</p> |
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411 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
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412 | </div> |
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413 | <div class="section" id="id6"> |
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414 | <span id="batch-fitting"></span><h1>Batch Fitting</h1> |
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415 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#batch-fit">Batch_Fit</a></p> |
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416 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#batch-window">Batch_Window</a></p> |
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417 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#edit-grid">Edit_Grid</a></p> |
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418 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#save-grid">Save_Grid</a></p> |
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419 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#open-batch-results">Open_Batch_Results</a></p> |
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420 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#plot">Plot</a></p> |
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421 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#view-column-cell">View_Column_Cell</a></p> |
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422 | </div> |
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423 | <div class="section" id="id7"> |
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424 | <span id="batch-fit"></span><h1>Batch Fit</h1> |
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425 | <p>Create a <em>Batch Page</em> by selecting the <em>Batch</em> radio button on the DataExplorer |
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426 | (see figure below) and for a new control page select 'New FitPage' in the |
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427 | Fitting menubar.</p> |
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428 | <img alt="batch_button_area.bmp" src="batch_button_area.bmp" /> |
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429 | <p>Figure 1: MenuBar:</p> |
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430 | <p>Load Data to the DataExplorer if not already loaded.</p> |
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431 | <p>Select one or more data sets by checking the check boxes, and then make sure |
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432 | that "Fitting" is selected in the dropdown menu next to the "Send To" button. |
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433 | Once ready, click the 'Send To' button to set data to a BatchPage. If already |
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434 | an empty batch page exists, it will be set there. Otherwise it will create a |
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435 | new Batch Page. Set up the model and the parameter values as same as a single |
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436 | fitting (see Single Fit help) <<a class="reference internal" href="#single-fit">Single_Fit</a>>. Then use 'Fit' button to |
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437 | perform the fitting.</p> |
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438 | <p>Unlike a single fit, the results of the fittings will not return to the |
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439 | BatchPage'. Instead, a Grid window will be provided once the fitting is |
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440 | completed. The Grid window is also accessible from the 'View' menu |
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441 | (see Figure 2).</p> |
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442 | <p>Note that only one model is used for all the data. The initial parameter |
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443 | values given in the control page will be used all the data fittings. If one |
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444 | wants the FitEngine to use the initial values from the results of the |
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445 | previous data fitting (if any), choose the 'Chain Fitting' option in the |
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446 | Fitting menubar, which will speed up the fitting especially when you have |
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447 | lots of, and similar, data sets.</p> |
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448 | </div> |
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449 | <div class="section" id="id8"> |
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450 | <span id="batch-window"></span><h1>Batch Window</h1> |
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451 | <p>Batch Window provides an easy way to view the fit results, i.e., plot data, |
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452 | fits, and residuals. Batch window will be automatically shown after a batch |
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453 | fit is finished.</p> |
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454 | <p>Once closed, it can be opened anytime from the "View" menubar item (see |
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455 | Figure 2).</p> |
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456 | <img alt="restore_batch_window.bmp" src="restore_batch_window.bmp" /> |
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457 | <p>Figure 2: Edit Menu:</p> |
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458 | </div> |
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459 | <div class="section" id="id9"> |
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460 | <span id="edit-grid"></span><h1>Edit Grid</h1> |
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461 | <p>Once a batch fit is completed, all fitted and fixed model parameters are |
---|
462 | displayed to the current sheet of the batch window except the errors of the |
---|
463 | parameters. To view the errors, click on a given column then under <em>Edit</em> |
---|
464 | menubar item, and insert the desired parameter by selecting a menu item with |
---|
465 | the appropriated label. Empty column can be inserted in the same way. A |
---|
466 | column value can be customized by editing an existing empty column.</p> |
---|
467 | <p>To Remove column from the grid, select it, choose edit menu, and click the |
---|
468 | <em>'remove'</em> menu item. Any removed column should reinserted whenever needed.</p> |
---|
469 | <p>All above options are also available when right clicking on a given column |
---|
470 | label(see Figure 3).</p> |
---|
471 | <p><em>Note:</em> A column always needs to be selected in order to remove or insert a |
---|
472 | column in the grid.</p> |
---|
473 | <img alt="edit_menu.bmp" src="edit_menu.bmp" /> |
---|
474 | <p>Figure 3: Edit Menu:</p> |
---|
475 | </div> |
---|
476 | <div class="section" id="id10"> |
---|
477 | <span id="save-grid"></span><h1>Save Grid</h1> |
---|
478 | <p>To save the current page on the batch window, select the <em>'File'</em> menubar |
---|
479 | item(see Figure 4), then choose the <em>'Save as'</em> menu item to save it as a |
---|
480 | .csv file.</p> |
---|
481 | <p><em>Note:</em> The grid doesn't save the data array, fits, and the array residuals. |
---|
482 | As a result, the 'View (fit) Results' functionality will be lost when |
---|
483 | reloading the saved file.</p> |
---|
484 | <p>Warning! To ensure accuracy of saved fit results, it is recommended to save |
---|
485 | the current grid before modifying it .</p> |
---|
486 | </div> |
---|
487 | <div class="section" id="id11"> |
---|
488 | <span id="open-batch-results"></span><h1>Open Batch Results</h1> |
---|
489 | <p>Any <em>csv</em> file can be opened in the grid by selecting the <em>'Open'</em> under |
---|
490 | the <em>'File'</em> menu in the Grid Window(see Figure 4). All columns in the file |
---|
491 | will be displayed but insertion will not available. Insertion will be |
---|
492 | available only when at least one column will be removed from the grid.</p> |
---|
493 | <img alt="file_menu.bmp" src="file_menu.bmp" /> |
---|
494 | <p>Figure 4: MenuBar:</p> |
---|
495 | </div> |
---|
496 | <div class="section" id="id12"> |
---|
497 | <span id="plot"></span><h1>Plot</h1> |
---|
498 | <p>To <em>plot</em> a column versus another, select one column at the time, click the |
---|
499 | <em>'Add'</em> button next to the text control of X/Y -axis <em>Selection Range</em> to |
---|
500 | plot the value of this column on the X/Y axis. Alternatively, all available |
---|
501 | range can be selected by clicking the column letter (eg. B). Repeat the same |
---|
502 | procedure the next axis. Finally, click the <em>'Plot'</em> button. When clicking |
---|
503 | on <em>Add</em> button, the grid will automatically fill the axis label, but |
---|
504 | different labels and units can be entered in the correct controls before |
---|
505 | clicking on the plot button.</p> |
---|
506 | <p><em>X/Y -Axis Selection Range</em> can be edited manually. These text controls |
---|
507 | allow the following types of expression (operation can be + - * /, or pow)</p> |
---|
508 | <p>1) if the current axis label range is a function of 1 or more columns, write |
---|
509 | this type of expression</p> |
---|
510 | <p>constant1 * column_name1 [minimum row index : maximum row index] operator |
---|
511 | constant2 * column_name2 [minimum row index : maximum row index]</p> |
---|
512 | <p>Example: radius [2 : 5] -3 * scale [2 : 5]</p> |
---|
513 | <p>2) if only some values of a given column are need but the range between the |
---|
514 | first row and the last row used is not continuous, write the following |
---|
515 | expression in the text control</p> |
---|
516 | <p>column_name1 [minimum row index1 : maximum row index1] , column_name1 |
---|
517 | [minimum row index2 : maximum row index2]</p> |
---|
518 | <p>Example : radius [2 : 5] , radius [10 : 25]</p> |
---|
519 | <p>Note: Both text controls ( X and Y-axis Selection Ranges) need to be filled |
---|
520 | with valid entries for plotting to work. The dY-bar is optional (see Figure 5).</p> |
---|
521 | <img alt="plot_button.bmp" src="plot_button.bmp" /> |
---|
522 | <p>Figure 5: Plotting</p> |
---|
523 | </div> |
---|
524 | <div class="section" id="view-column-cell-s"> |
---|
525 | <span id="view-column-cell"></span><h1>View Column/Cell(s)</h1> |
---|
526 | <p>Select 1 or more cells from the same column, click the 'View Fits' button to |
---|
527 | display available curves.</p> |
---|
528 | <p>For example, select the cells of the 'Chi2' column, then click the 'View Fits' |
---|
529 | button. The plots generates will represent the residuals plots.</p> |
---|
530 | <p>If you select any cells of the 'Data' column and click the 'View Fits' button. |
---|
531 | It generates both data and fits in the graph (see Figure 6).</p> |
---|
532 | <p>Alternatively, just click the column letter (eg. B) to choose all the |
---|
533 | available data sets, then simply click the 'View Fits' button to plot the |
---|
534 | data and fits.</p> |
---|
535 | <img alt="view_button.bmp" src="view_button.bmp" /> |
---|
536 | <p>Figure 6: View Fits</p> |
---|
537 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
---|
538 | <p id="model-selection"><a class="reference internal" href="#model-type">Model_Type</a></p> |
---|
539 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#change-model-parameters">Change_Model_Parameters</a></p> |
---|
540 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#write-your-own-model">Write_your_Own_Model</a></p> |
---|
541 | </div> |
---|
542 | <div class="section" id="id13"> |
---|
543 | <span id="model-type"></span><h1>Model Type</h1> |
---|
544 | <p>Models are grouped into three classes</p> |
---|
545 | <ul class="simple"> |
---|
546 | <li><em>Shapes</em></li> |
---|
547 | <li><em>Shape-Independent</em></li> |
---|
548 | <li><em>Uncategorised</em></li> |
---|
549 | <li><em>Customized Models</em></li> |
---|
550 | <li><em>Structure Factor</em></li> |
---|
551 | </ul> |
---|
552 | </div> |
---|
553 | <div class="section" id="id14"> |
---|
554 | <span id="change-model-parameters"></span><h1>Change Model Parameters</h1> |
---|
555 | <p>To visualize model in a different window, from menu click on <em>Model</em>. Select |
---|
556 | a type of model and then the name of your model.A new window will appear with |
---|
557 | the plot of your model with default values. Change model's parameters on |
---|
558 | <em>model view</em> tab and view the plotted model with its new parameters.</p> |
---|
559 | </div> |
---|
560 | <div class="section" id="id15"> |
---|
561 | <span id="write-your-own-model"></span><h1>Write your Own Model</h1> |
---|
562 | <p>The custom model editors are provided from 'Fitting' menu in the menu bar. |
---|
563 | See 'Custom model editor' in the side menu on left. Advanced users can write |
---|
564 | your own model and save it (in .py format) into <em>plugin_models</em> directory in |
---|
565 | .sasview of your home directory (eg., username.sasview>plugin_models). Your |
---|
566 | plugin model will be added into "<>Customized Models" on the next model |
---|
567 | selection.</p> |
---|
568 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
---|
569 | </div> |
---|
570 | <div class="section" id="id16"> |
---|
571 | <span id="model-category-manager"></span><h1>Model Category Manager</h1> |
---|
572 | <p>Our SAS models are, by default, classified into 5 categories; shapes, |
---|
573 | shape-independent, structure factor, and customized models, where these |
---|
574 | categories (except the customized models) can be reassigned, added, and |
---|
575 | removed using 'Category Manager'. Each models can also be enabled(shown)/ |
---|
576 | disabled(hidden) from the category that they belong. The Category Manager |
---|
577 | panel is accessible from the model category 'Modify' button in the fitting |
---|
578 | panel or the 'View/Category Manager' menu in the menu bar (Fig. 1).</p> |
---|
579 | <p>1) Enable/Disable models: Check/uncheck the check boxes to enable/disable the |
---|
580 | models (Fig. 2).</p> |
---|
581 | <p>2) Change category: Highlight a model in the list by left-clicking and click |
---|
582 | the 'Modify' button. In the 'Change Category' panel, one can create/use a |
---|
583 | category for the model, then click the 'Add' button. In order to delete a |
---|
584 | category, select a category name and click the 'Remove Selected' button |
---|
585 | (Fig. 3).</p> |
---|
586 | <p>3) To apply the changes made, hit the OK button. Otherwise, click the 'Cancel' |
---|
587 | button (Fig. 2).</p> |
---|
588 | <img alt="cat_fig0.bmp" src="cat_fig0.bmp" /> |
---|
589 | <p>Fig.1</p> |
---|
590 | <img alt="cat_fig1.bmp" src="cat_fig1.bmp" /> |
---|
591 | <p>Fig.2</p> |
---|
592 | <img alt="cat_fig2.bmp" src="cat_fig2.bmp" /> |
---|
593 | <p>Fig.3</p> |
---|
594 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
---|
595 | </div> |
---|
596 | <div class="section" id="id17"> |
---|
597 | <span id="model-functions"></span><h1>Model Functions</h1> |
---|
598 | <p>Model Documentation <models/model_functions></p> |
---|
599 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
---|
600 | </div> |
---|
601 | <div class="section" id="id18"> |
---|
602 | <span id="custom-model-editor"></span><h1>Custom Model Editor</h1> |
---|
603 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#description">Description</a></p> |
---|
604 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#new">New</a></p> |
---|
605 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#sum-multi-p1-p2">Sum_Multi_p1_p2</a></p> |
---|
606 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#advanced">Advanced</a></p> |
---|
607 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#delete">Delete</a></p> |
---|
608 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
---|
609 | </div> |
---|
610 | <div class="section" id="id19"> |
---|
611 | <span id="description"></span><h1>Description</h1> |
---|
612 | <p>This menu (Fitting/Edit Custom Model in the menu bar) interface is to provide |
---|
613 | you an easy way to write your own custom models. The changes in a model |
---|
614 | function are effective after it is re-selected from the combo-box menu.</p> |
---|
615 | <img alt="edit_model_menu.bmp" src="edit_model_menu.bmp" /> |
---|
616 | </div> |
---|
617 | <div class="section" id="id20"> |
---|
618 | <span id="new"></span><h1>New</h1> |
---|
619 | <p>This option is used to make a new model. A model code generated by this option |
---|
620 | can be viewed and further modified by the 'Advanced' option below.</p> |
---|
621 | <img alt="new_model.bmp" src="new_model.bmp" /> |
---|
622 | </div> |
---|
623 | <div class="section" id="id21"> |
---|
624 | <span id="sum-multi-p1-p2"></span><h1>Sum|Multi(p1,p2)</h1> |
---|
625 | <p>This option create a new sum (or multiplication) model. Fill up the (sum |
---|
626 | model function) name and the description. The description will show up on |
---|
627 | details button in the application. Then select the p1 or p2 model for the |
---|
628 | sum/multi model, select an operator as necessary and click the Apply button |
---|
629 | for activation. Hit the 'Close' button when it's done.</p> |
---|
630 | <img alt="sum_model.bmp" src="sum_model.bmp" /> |
---|
631 | </div> |
---|
632 | <div class="section" id="id22"> |
---|
633 | <span id="advanced"></span><h1>Advanced</h1> |
---|
634 | <p>The menu option shows all the files in the plugin_models folder. You can edit, |
---|
635 | modify, and save it. It is recommended to modify only the lines with arrow |
---|
636 | (-------). In the end of edit, 'Compile' and 'Run' from the menu bar to |
---|
637 | activate or to see the model working properly.</p> |
---|
638 | </div> |
---|
639 | <div class="section" id="id23"> |
---|
640 | <span id="delete"></span><h1>Delete</h1> |
---|
641 | <p>The menu option is to delete the custom models. Just select the file name to |
---|
642 | delete.</p> |
---|
643 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
---|
644 | </div> |
---|
645 | <div class="section" id="id24"> |
---|
646 | <span id="polydispersity-distributions"></span><h1>Polydispersity Distributions</h1> |
---|
647 | <p>Calculates the form factor for a polydisperse and/or angular population of |
---|
648 | particles with uniform scattering length density. The resultant form factor |
---|
649 | is normalized by the average particle volume such that</p> |
---|
650 | <p>P(q) = scale*<F*F>/Vol + bkg</p> |
---|
651 | <p>where F is the scattering amplitude and the<>denote an average over the size |
---|
652 | distribution. Users should use PD (polydispersity: this definition is |
---|
653 | different from the typical definition in polymer science) for a size |
---|
654 | distribution and Sigma for an angular distribution (see below).</p> |
---|
655 | <p>Note that this computation is very time intensive thus applying polydispersion/ |
---|
656 | angular distrubtion for more than one paramters or increasing Npts values |
---|
657 | might need extensive patience to complete the computation. Also note that |
---|
658 | even though it is time consuming, it is safer to have larger values of Npts |
---|
659 | and Nsigmas.</p> |
---|
660 | <p>The following five distribution functions are provided</p> |
---|
661 | <ul class="simple"> |
---|
662 | <li><em>Rectangular_Distribution_</em></li> |
---|
663 | <li><em>Array_Distribution_</em></li> |
---|
664 | <li><em>Gaussian_Distribution_</em></li> |
---|
665 | <li><em>Lognormal_Distribution_</em></li> |
---|
666 | <li><em>Schulz_Distribution_</em></li> |
---|
667 | </ul> |
---|
668 | </div> |
---|
669 | <div class="section" id="id25"> |
---|
670 | <span id="rectangular-distribution"></span><h1>Rectangular Distribution</h1> |
---|
671 | <img alt="pd_image001.png" src="pd_image001.png" /> |
---|
672 | <p>The xmean is the mean of the distribution, w is the half-width, and Norm is a |
---|
673 | normalization factor which is determined during the numerical calculation. |
---|
674 | Note that the Sigma and the half width <em>w</em> are different.</p> |
---|
675 | <p>The standard deviation is</p> |
---|
676 | <img alt="pd_image002.png" src="pd_image002.png" /> |
---|
677 | <p>The PD (polydispersity) is</p> |
---|
678 | <img alt="pd_image003.png" src="pd_image003.png" /> |
---|
679 | <img alt="pd_image004.jpg" src="pd_image004.jpg" /> |
---|
680 | </div> |
---|
681 | <div class="section" id="id26"> |
---|
682 | <span id="array-distribution"></span><h1>Array Distribution</h1> |
---|
683 | <p>This distribution is to be given by users as a txt file where the array |
---|
684 | should be defined by two columns in the order of x and f(x) values. The f(x) |
---|
685 | will be normalized by SasView during the computation.</p> |
---|
686 | <p>Example of an array in the file</p> |
---|
687 | <p>30 0.1 |
---|
688 | 32 0.3 |
---|
689 | 35 0.4 |
---|
690 | 36 0.5 |
---|
691 | 37 0.6 |
---|
692 | 39 0.7 |
---|
693 | 41 0.9</p> |
---|
694 | <p>We use only these array values in the computation, therefore the mean value |
---|
695 | given in the control panel, for example ââ¬Ëradius = 60ââ¬â¢, will be ignored.</p> |
---|
696 | </div> |
---|
697 | <div class="section" id="id27"> |
---|
698 | <span id="gaussian-distribution"></span><h1>Gaussian Distribution</h1> |
---|
699 | <img alt="pd_image005.png" src="pd_image005.png" /> |
---|
700 | <p>The xmean is the mean of the distribution and Norm is a normalization factor |
---|
701 | which is determined during the numerical calculation.</p> |
---|
702 | <p>The PD (polydispersity) is</p> |
---|
703 | <img alt="pd_image003.png" src="pd_image003.png" /> |
---|
704 | <img alt="pd_image006.jpg" src="pd_image006.jpg" /> |
---|
705 | </div> |
---|
706 | <div class="section" id="id28"> |
---|
707 | <span id="lognormal-distribution"></span><h1>Lognormal Distribution</h1> |
---|
708 | <img alt="pd_image007.png" src="pd_image007.png" /> |
---|
709 | <p>The /mu/=ln(xmed), xmed is the median value of the distribution, and Norm is a |
---|
710 | normalization factor which will be determined during the numerical calculation. |
---|
711 | The median value is the value given in the size parameter in the control panel, |
---|
712 | for example, ââ¬Åradius = 60ââ¬ï¿œ.</p> |
---|
713 | <p>The PD (polydispersity) is given by /sigma/</p> |
---|
714 | <img alt="pd_image008.png" src="pd_image008.png" /> |
---|
715 | <p>For the angular distribution</p> |
---|
716 | <img alt="pd_image009.png" src="pd_image009.png" /> |
---|
717 | <p>The mean value is given by xmean=exp(/mu/+p2/2). The peak value is given by |
---|
718 | xpeak=exp(/mu/-p2).</p> |
---|
719 | <img alt="pd_image010.jpg" src="pd_image010.jpg" /> |
---|
720 | <p>This distribution function spreads more and the peak shifts to the left as the |
---|
721 | p increases, requiring higher values of Nsigmas and Npts.</p> |
---|
722 | </div> |
---|
723 | <div class="section" id="id29"> |
---|
724 | <span id="schulz-distribution"></span><h1>Schulz Distribution</h1> |
---|
725 | <img alt="pd_image011.png" src="pd_image011.png" /> |
---|
726 | <p>The xmean is the mean of the distribution and Norm is a normalization factor |
---|
727 | which is determined during the numerical calculation.</p> |
---|
728 | <p>The z = 1/p2ââ¬â 1.</p> |
---|
729 | <p>The PD (polydispersity) is</p> |
---|
730 | <img alt="pd_image012.png" src="pd_image012.png" /> |
---|
731 | <p>Note that the higher PD (polydispersity) might need higher values of Npts and |
---|
732 | Nsigmas. For example, at PD = 0.7 and radisus = 60 A, Npts >= 160, and |
---|
733 | Nsigmas >= 15 at least.</p> |
---|
734 | <img alt="pd_image013.jpg" src="pd_image013.jpg" /> |
---|
735 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
---|
736 | </div> |
---|
737 | <div class="section" id="id30"> |
---|
738 | <span id="smearing-computation"></span><h1>Smearing Computation</h1> |
---|
739 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#slit-smearing">Slit_Smearing</a></p> |
---|
740 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#pinhole-smearing">Pinhole_Smearing</a></p> |
---|
741 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#d-smearing">2D_Smearing</a></p> |
---|
742 | </div> |
---|
743 | <div class="section" id="id31"> |
---|
744 | <span id="slit-smearing"></span><h1>Slit Smearing</h1> |
---|
745 | <p>The sit smeared scattering intensity for SAS is defined by</p> |
---|
746 | <img alt="sm_image002.gif" src="sm_image002.gif" /> |
---|
747 | <p>where Norm =</p> |
---|
748 | <img alt="sm_image003.gif" src="sm_image003.gif" /> |
---|
749 | <p>Equation 1</p> |
---|
750 | <p>The functions <img alt="inlineimage004" src="sm_image004.gif" /> and <img alt="inlineimage005" src="sm_image005.gif" /> |
---|
751 | refer to the slit width weighting function and the slit height weighting |
---|
752 | determined at the q point, respectively. Here, we assumes that the weighting |
---|
753 | function is described by a rectangular function, i.e.,</p> |
---|
754 | <img alt="sm_image006.gif" src="sm_image006.gif" /> |
---|
755 | <p>Equation 2</p> |
---|
756 | <p>and</p> |
---|
757 | <img alt="sm_image007.gif" src="sm_image007.gif" /> |
---|
758 | <p>Equation 3</p> |
---|
759 | <p>so that <img alt="inlineimage008" src="sm_image008.gif" /> <img alt="inlineimage009" src="sm_image009.gif" /> for <img alt="inlineimage010" src="sm_image010.gif" /> and u.</p> |
---|
760 | <p>The <img alt="inlineimage011" src="sm_image011.gif" /> and <img alt="inlineimage012" src="sm_image012.gif" /> stand for |
---|
761 | the slit height (FWHM/2) and the slit width (FWHM/2) in the q space. Now the |
---|
762 | integral of Equation 1 is simplified to</p> |
---|
763 | <img alt="sm_image013.gif" src="sm_image013.gif" /> |
---|
764 | <p>Equation 4</p> |
---|
765 | </div> |
---|
766 | <div class="section" id="numerical-implementation-of-equation-4"> |
---|
767 | <h1>Numerical Implementation of Equation 4</h1> |
---|
768 | </div> |
---|
769 | <div class="section" id="case-1"> |
---|
770 | <h1>Case 1</h1> |
---|
771 | <p>For <img alt="inlineimage012" src="sm_image012.gif" /> = 0 and <img alt="inlineimage011" src="sm_image011.gif" /> = constant.</p> |
---|
772 | <img alt="sm_image016.gif" src="sm_image016.gif" /> |
---|
773 | <p>For discrete q values, at the q values from the data points and at the q |
---|
774 | values extended up to qN= qi + <img alt="inlineimage011" src="sm_image011.gif" /> the smeared |
---|
775 | intensity can be calculated approximately</p> |
---|
776 | <img alt="sm_image017.gif" src="sm_image017.gif" /> |
---|
777 | <p>Equation 5</p> |
---|
778 | <p><img alt="inlineimage018" src="sm_image018.gif" /> = 0 for <em>Is</em> in <em>j</em> < <em>i</em> or <em>j</em> > N-1*.</p> |
---|
779 | </div> |
---|
780 | <div class="section" id="case-2"> |
---|
781 | <h1>Case 2</h1> |
---|
782 | <p>For <img alt="inlineimage012" src="sm_image012.gif" /> = constant and <img alt="inlineimage011" src="sm_image011.gif" /> = 0.</p> |
---|
783 | <p>Similarly to Case 1, we get</p> |
---|
784 | <p><img alt="inlineimage019" src="sm_image019.gif" /> for qp= qi- <img alt="inlineimage012" src="sm_image012.gif" /> and qN= qi+ <img alt="inlineimage012" src="sm_image012.gif" />. <img alt="inlineimage018" src="sm_image018.gif" /> = 0 |
---|
785 | for <em>Is</em> in <em>j</em> < <em>p</em> or <em>j</em> > <em>N-1</em>.</p> |
---|
786 | </div> |
---|
787 | <div class="section" id="case-3"> |
---|
788 | <h1>Case 3</h1> |
---|
789 | <p>For <img alt="inlineimage011" src="sm_image011.gif" /> = constant and |
---|
790 | <img alt="inlineimage011" src="sm_image011.gif" /> = constant.</p> |
---|
791 | <p>In this case, the best way is to perform the integration, Equation 1, |
---|
792 | numerically for both slit height and width. However, the numerical integration |
---|
793 | is not correct enough unless given a large number of iteration, say at least |
---|
794 | 10000 by 10000 for each element of the matrix, W, which will take minutes and |
---|
795 | minutes to finish the calculation for a set of typical SAS data. An |
---|
796 | alternative way which is correct for slit width << slit hight, is used in |
---|
797 | SasView. This method is a mixed method that combines method 1 with the |
---|
798 | numerical integration for the slit width.</p> |
---|
799 | <img alt="sm_image020.gif" src="sm_image020.gif" /> |
---|
800 | <p>Equation 7</p> |
---|
801 | <p>for qp= qi- <img alt="inlineimage012" src="sm_image012.gif" /> and |
---|
802 | qN= qi+ <img alt="inlineimage012" src="sm_image012.gif" />. <img alt="inlineimage018" src="sm_image018.gif" /> = 0 for |
---|
803 | <em>Is</em> in <em>j</em> < <em>p</em> or <em>j</em> > <em>N-1</em>.</p> |
---|
804 | </div> |
---|
805 | <div class="section" id="id32"> |
---|
806 | <span id="pinhole-smearing"></span><h1>Pinhole Smearing</h1> |
---|
807 | <p>The pinhole smearing computation is done similar to the case above except |
---|
808 | that the weight function used is the Gaussian function, so that the Equation 6 |
---|
809 | for this case becomes</p> |
---|
810 | <img alt="sm_image021.gif" src="sm_image021.gif" /> |
---|
811 | <p>Equation 8</p> |
---|
812 | <p>For all the cases above, the weighting matrix <em>W</em> is calculated when the |
---|
813 | smearing is called at the first time, and it includes the ~ 60 q values |
---|
814 | (finely binned evenly) below (>0) and above the q range of data in order |
---|
815 | to cover all data points of the smearing computation for a given model and |
---|
816 | for a given slit size. The <em>Norm</em> factor is found numerically with the |
---|
817 | weighting matrix, and considered on <em>Is</em> computation.</p> |
---|
818 | </div> |
---|
819 | <div class="section" id="id33"> |
---|
820 | <span id="d-smearing"></span><h1>2D Smearing</h1> |
---|
821 | <p>The 2D smearing computation is done similar to the 1D pinhole smearing above |
---|
822 | except that the weight function used was the 2D elliptical Gaussian function</p> |
---|
823 | <img alt="sm_image022.gif" src="sm_image022.gif" /> |
---|
824 | <p>Equation 9</p> |
---|
825 | <p>In Equation 9, x0 = qcos/theta/ and y0 = qsin/theta/, and the primed axes |
---|
826 | are in the coordinate rotated by an angle /theta/ around the z-axis (below) |
---|
827 | so that xââ¬â¢0= x0cos/theta/+y0sin/theta/ and yââ¬â¢0= -x0sin/theta/+y0cos/theta/.</p> |
---|
828 | <p>Note that the rotation angle is zero for x-y symmetric elliptical Gaussian |
---|
829 | distribution. The A is a normalization factor.</p> |
---|
830 | <img alt="sm_image023.gif" src="sm_image023.gif" /> |
---|
831 | <p>Now we consider a numerical integration where each bins in /theta/ and R are |
---|
832 | <em>evenly</em> (this is to simplify the equation below) distributed by /delta//theta/ |
---|
833 | and /delta/R, respectively, and it is assumed that I(xââ¬â¢, yââ¬â¢) is constant |
---|
834 | within the bins which in turn becomes</p> |
---|
835 | <img alt="sm_image024.gif" src="sm_image024.gif" /> |
---|
836 | <p>Equation 10</p> |
---|
837 | <p>Since we have found the weighting factor on each bin points, it is convenient |
---|
838 | to transform xââ¬â¢-yââ¬â¢ back to x-y coordinate (rotating it by -/theta/ around z |
---|
839 | axis). Then, for the polar symmetric smear</p> |
---|
840 | <img alt="sm_image025.gif" src="sm_image025.gif" /> |
---|
841 | <p>Equation 11</p> |
---|
842 | <p>where</p> |
---|
843 | <img alt="sm_image026.gif" src="sm_image026.gif" /> |
---|
844 | <p>while for the x-y symmetric smear</p> |
---|
845 | <img alt="sm_image027.gif" src="sm_image027.gif" /> |
---|
846 | <p>Equation 12</p> |
---|
847 | <p>where</p> |
---|
848 | <img alt="sm_image028.gif" src="sm_image028.gif" /> |
---|
849 | <p>Here, the current version of the SasView uses Equation 11 for 2D smearing |
---|
850 | assuming that all the Gaussian weighting functions are aligned in the polar |
---|
851 | coordinate.</p> |
---|
852 | <p>In the control panel, the higher accuracy indicates more and finer binnng |
---|
853 | points so that it costs more in time.</p> |
---|
854 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
---|
855 | </div> |
---|
856 | <div class="section" id="id34"> |
---|
857 | <span id="polarisation-magnetic-scattering"></span><h1>Polarisation/Magnetic Scattering</h1> |
---|
858 | <p>Magnetic scattering is implemented in five (2D) models</p> |
---|
859 | <ul class="simple"> |
---|
860 | <li><em>SphereModel</em></li> |
---|
861 | <li><em>CoreShellModel</em></li> |
---|
862 | <li><em>CoreMultiShellModel</em></li> |
---|
863 | <li><em>CylinderModel</em></li> |
---|
864 | <li><em>ParallelepipedModel</em></li> |
---|
865 | </ul> |
---|
866 | <p>In general, the scattering length density (SLD) in each regions where the |
---|
867 | SLD (=/beta/) is uniform, is a combination of the nuclear and magnetic SLDs and |
---|
868 | depends on the spin states of the neutrons as follows. For magnetic scattering, |
---|
869 | only the magnetization component, <em>M*perp, perpendicular to the scattering |
---|
870 | vector *Q</em> contributes to the the magnetic scattering length.</p> |
---|
871 | <img alt="mag_vector.bmp" src="mag_vector.bmp" /> |
---|
872 | <p>The magnetic scattering length density is then</p> |
---|
873 | <img alt="dm_eq.gif" src="dm_eq.gif" /> |
---|
874 | <p>where /gamma/ = -1.913 the gyromagnetic ratio, /mu/B is the Bohr magneton, r0 |
---|
875 | is the classical radius of electron, and <em>/sigma/</em> is the Pauli spin. For |
---|
876 | polarised neutron, the magnetic scattering is depending on the spin states.</p> |
---|
877 | <p>Let's consider that the incident neutrons are polarized parallel (+)/ |
---|
878 | anti-parallel (-) to the x' axis (See both Figures above). The possible |
---|
879 | out-coming states then are + and - states for both incident states</p> |
---|
880 | <p>Non-spin flips: (+ +) and (- -) |
---|
881 | Spin flips: (+ -) and (- +)</p> |
---|
882 | <img alt="M_angles_pic.bmp" src="M_angles_pic.bmp" /> |
---|
883 | <p>Now, let's assume that the angles of the <em>Q</em> vector and the spin-axis (x') |
---|
884 | against x-axis are /phi/ and /theta/up, respectively (See Figure above). Then, |
---|
885 | depending upon the polarisation (spin) state of neutrons, the scattering length |
---|
886 | densities, including the nuclear scattering length density (/beta/N) are given |
---|
887 | as, for non-spin-flips</p> |
---|
888 | <img alt="sld1.gif" src="sld1.gif" /> |
---|
889 | <p>for spin-flips</p> |
---|
890 | <img alt="sld2.gif" src="sld2.gif" /> |
---|
891 | <p>where</p> |
---|
892 | <img alt="mxp.gif" src="mxp.gif" /> |
---|
893 | <img alt="myp.gif" src="myp.gif" /> |
---|
894 | <img alt="mzp.gif" src="mzp.gif" /> |
---|
895 | <img alt="mqx.gif" src="mqx.gif" /> |
---|
896 | <img alt="mqy.gif" src="mqy.gif" /> |
---|
897 | <p>Here, the M0x, M0y and M0z are the x, y and z components of the magnetization |
---|
898 | vector given in the xyz lab frame. The angles of the magnetization, /theta/M |
---|
899 | and /phi/M as defined in the Figure (above)</p> |
---|
900 | <img alt="m0x_eq.gif" src="m0x_eq.gif" /> |
---|
901 | <img alt="m0y_eq.gif" src="m0y_eq.gif" /> |
---|
902 | <img alt="m0z_eq.gif" src="m0z_eq.gif" /> |
---|
903 | <p>The user input parameters are M0_sld = DMM0, Up_theta = /theta/up, |
---|
904 | M_theta = /theta/M, and M_phi = /phi/M. The 'Up_frac_i' and 'Up_frac_f' are |
---|
905 | the ratio</p> |
---|
906 | <p>(spin up)/(spin up + spin down)</p> |
---|
907 | <p>neutrons before the sample and at the analyzer, respectively.</p> |
---|
908 | <p><em>Note:</em> The values of the 'Up_frac_i' and 'Up_frac_f' must be in the range |
---|
909 | between 0 and 1.</p> |
---|
910 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
---|
911 | </div> |
---|
912 | <div class="section" id="id35"> |
---|
913 | <span id="key-combinations"></span><h1>Key Combinations</h1> |
---|
914 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#copy-paste">Copy_Paste</a></p> |
---|
915 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#bookmark">Bookmark</a></p> |
---|
916 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#graph-context-menu">Graph_Context_Menu</a></p> |
---|
917 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#ftolerance">FTolerance</a></p> |
---|
918 | </div> |
---|
919 | <div class="section" id="id36"> |
---|
920 | <span id="copy-paste"></span><h1>Copy & Paste</h1> |
---|
921 | <p>To copy the parameter values in a Fit(Model) panel to the clipboard:</p> |
---|
922 | <p><em>Ctrl(Cmd on MAC) + Left(Mouse)Click</em> on the panel.</p> |
---|
923 | <p>To paste the parameter values to a Fit(Model)panel from the clipboard:</p> |
---|
924 | <p><em>Ctrl(Cmd on MAC) + Shift + Left(Mouse)Click</em> on the panel.</p> |
---|
925 | <p>If this operation is successful, it will say so in the info line at the |
---|
926 | bottom of the SasView window.</p> |
---|
927 | </div> |
---|
928 | <div class="section" id="id37"> |
---|
929 | <span id="bookmark"></span><h1>Bookmark</h1> |
---|
930 | <p>Bookmark of a fit-panel or model-panel status:</p> |
---|
931 | <p><em>(Mouse)Right-Click</em> and select the bookmark in the popup list.</p> |
---|
932 | </div> |
---|
933 | <div class="section" id="id38"> |
---|
934 | <span id="graph-context-menu"></span><h1>Graph Context Menu</h1> |
---|
935 | <p>To get the graph context menu to print, copy, save data, (2D)average, etc.:</p> |
---|
936 | <p><em>Locate the mouse point on the plot to highlight and *(Mouse) Right Click</em> |
---|
937 | to bring up the full menu.</p> |
---|
938 | </div> |
---|
939 | <div class="section" id="ftolerance-scipy"> |
---|
940 | <span id="ftolerance"></span><h1>FTolerance (SciPy)</h1> |
---|
941 | <p>To change the ftol value of the Scipy FitEngine (leastsq):</p> |
---|
942 | <p>First, make sure that the Fit panel has data and a model selected.</p> |
---|
943 | <p><em>Ctrl(Cmd on MAC) + Shift + Alt + Right(Mouse)Click</em> on the panel.</p> |
---|
944 | <p>Then, set up the value in the dialog panel.</p> |
---|
945 | <p>If this operation is successful, the new ftol value will be displayed in the |
---|
946 | info line at the bottom of the SV window.Note that increasing the ftol value |
---|
947 | may cause for the fitting to terminate with higher <a href="#id39"><span class="problematic" id="id40">|</span></a>chi|sq.</p> |
---|
948 | <div class="system-message" id="id39"> |
---|
949 | <p class="system-message-title">System Message: WARNING/2 (<tt class="docutils">C:/Code/Eclipse_workspace/SasViewTrunk/src/sas/perspectives/fitting/media/fitting_help.rst</tt>, line 947); <em><a href="#id40">backlink</a></em></p> |
---|
950 | Inline substitution_reference start-string without end-string.</div> |
---|
951 | <!-- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ --> |
---|
952 | </div> |
---|
953 | <div class="section" id="id41"> |
---|
954 | <span id="status-bar-help"></span><h1>Status Bar Help</h1> |
---|
955 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#message-warning-hint">Message_Warning_Hint</a></p> |
---|
956 | <p><a class="reference internal" href="#console">Console</a></p> |
---|
957 | </div> |
---|
958 | <div class="section" id="id42"> |
---|
959 | <span id="message-warning-hint"></span><h1>Message/Warning/Hint</h1> |
---|
960 | <p>The status bar located at the bottom of the application frame, displays |
---|
961 | messages, hints, warnings and errors.</p> |
---|
962 | </div> |
---|
963 | <div class="section" id="id43"> |
---|
964 | <span id="console"></span><h1>Console</h1> |
---|
965 | <p>Select <em>light bulb/info icon</em> button in the status bar at the bottom of the |
---|
966 | application window to display available history. During a long task, the |
---|
967 | console can also help users to understand the status in progressing.</p> |
---|
968 | </div> |
---|
969 | </div> |
---|
970 | </body> |
---|
971 | </html> |
---|