1 | #!/usr/bin/env python |
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2 | r""" |
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3 | Show numerical precision of various expressions. |
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4 | |
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5 | Evaluates the same function(s) in single and double precision and compares |
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6 | the results to 500 digit mpmath evaluation of the same function. |
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7 | |
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8 | Note: a quick way to generation C and python code for taylor series |
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9 | expansions from sympy: |
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10 | |
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11 | import sympy as sp |
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12 | x = sp.var("x") |
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13 | f = sp.sin(x)/x |
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14 | t = sp.series(f, n=12).removeO() # taylor series with no O(x^n) term |
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15 | p = sp.horner(t) # Horner representation |
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16 | p = p.replace(x**2, sp.var("xsq") # simplify if alternate terms are zero |
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17 | p = p.n(15) # evaluate coefficients to 15 digits (optional) |
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18 | c_code = sp.ccode(p, assign_to=sp.var("p")) # convert to c code |
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19 | py_code = c[:-1] # strip semicolon to convert c to python |
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20 | |
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21 | # mpmath has pade() rational function approximation, which might work |
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22 | # better than the taylor series for some functions: |
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23 | P, Q = mp.pade(sp.Poly(t.n(15),x).coeffs(), L, M) |
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24 | P = sum(a*x**n for n,a in enumerate(reversed(P))) |
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25 | Q = sum(a*x**n for n,a in enumerate(reversed(Q))) |
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26 | c_code = sp.ccode(sp.horner(P)/sp.horner(Q), assign_to=sp.var("p")) |
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27 | |
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28 | # There are richardson and shanks series accelerators in both sympy |
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29 | # and mpmath that may be helpful. |
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30 | """ |
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31 | from __future__ import division, print_function |
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32 | |
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33 | import sys |
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34 | import os |
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35 | sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..'))) |
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36 | |
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37 | import numpy as np |
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38 | from numpy import pi, inf |
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39 | import scipy.special |
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40 | try: |
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41 | from mpmath import mp |
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42 | except ImportError: |
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43 | # CRUFT: mpmath split out into its own package |
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44 | from sympy.mpmath import mp |
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45 | #import matplotlib; matplotlib.use('TkAgg') |
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46 | import pylab |
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47 | |
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48 | from sasmodels import core, data, direct_model, modelinfo |
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49 | |
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50 | class Comparator(object): |
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51 | def __init__(self, name, mp_function, np_function, ocl_function, xaxis, limits): |
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52 | self.name = name |
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53 | self.mp_function = mp_function |
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54 | self.np_function = np_function |
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55 | self.ocl_function = ocl_function |
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56 | self.xaxis = xaxis |
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57 | self.limits = limits |
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58 | |
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59 | def __repr__(self): |
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60 | return "Comparator(%s)"%self.name |
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61 | |
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62 | def call_mpmath(self, vec, bits=500): |
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63 | """ |
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64 | Direct calculation using mpmath extended precision library. |
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65 | """ |
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66 | with mp.workprec(bits): |
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67 | return [self.mp_function(mp.mpf(x)) for x in vec] |
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68 | |
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69 | def call_numpy(self, x, dtype): |
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70 | """ |
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71 | Direct calculation using numpy/scipy. |
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72 | """ |
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73 | x = np.asarray(x, dtype) |
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74 | return self.np_function(x) |
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75 | |
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76 | def call_ocl(self, x, dtype, platform='ocl'): |
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77 | """ |
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78 | Calculation using sasmodels ocl libraries. |
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79 | """ |
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80 | x = np.asarray(x, dtype) |
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81 | model = core.build_model(self.ocl_function, dtype=dtype) |
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82 | calculator = direct_model.DirectModel(data.empty_data1D(x), model) |
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83 | return calculator(background=0) |
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84 | |
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85 | def run(self, xrange="log", diff="relative"): |
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86 | r""" |
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87 | Compare accuracy of different methods for computing f. |
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88 | |
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89 | *xrange* is:: |
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90 | |
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91 | log: [10^-3,10^5] |
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92 | logq: [10^-4, 10^1] |
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93 | linear: [1,1000] |
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94 | zoom: [1000,1010] |
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95 | neg: [-100,100] |
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96 | |
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97 | For arbitrary range use "start:stop:steps:scale" where scale is |
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98 | one of log, lin, or linear. |
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99 | |
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100 | *diff* is "relative", "absolute" or "none" |
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101 | |
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102 | *x_bits* is the precision with which the x values are specified. The |
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103 | default 23 should reproduce the equivalent of a single precisio |
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104 | """ |
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105 | linear = not xrange.startswith("log") |
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106 | if xrange == "zoom": |
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107 | start, stop, steps = 1000, 1010, 2000 |
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108 | elif xrange == "neg": |
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109 | start, stop, steps = -100.1, 100.1, 2000 |
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110 | elif xrange == "linear": |
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111 | start, stop, steps = 1, 1000, 2000 |
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112 | start, stop, steps = 0.001, 2, 2000 |
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113 | elif xrange == "log": |
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114 | start, stop, steps = -3, 5, 400 |
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115 | elif xrange == "logq": |
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116 | start, stop, steps = -4, 1, 400 |
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117 | elif ':' in xrange: |
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118 | parts = xrange.split(':') |
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119 | linear = parts[3] != "log" if len(parts) == 4 else True |
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120 | steps = int(parts[2]) if len(parts) > 2 else 400 |
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121 | start = float(parts[0]) |
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122 | stop = float(parts[1]) |
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123 | |
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124 | else: |
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125 | raise ValueError("unknown range "+xrange) |
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126 | with mp.workprec(500): |
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127 | # Note: we make sure that we are comparing apples to apples... |
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128 | # The x points are set using single precision so that we are |
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129 | # examining the accuracy of the transformation from x to f(x) |
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130 | # rather than x to f(nearest(x)) where nearest(x) is the nearest |
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131 | # value to x in the given precision. |
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132 | if linear: |
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133 | start = max(start, self.limits[0]) |
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134 | stop = min(stop, self.limits[1]) |
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135 | qrf = np.linspace(start, stop, steps, dtype='single') |
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136 | #qrf = np.linspace(start, stop, steps, dtype='double') |
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137 | qr = [mp.mpf(float(v)) for v in qrf] |
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138 | #qr = mp.linspace(start, stop, steps) |
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139 | else: |
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140 | start = np.log10(max(10**start, self.limits[0])) |
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141 | stop = np.log10(min(10**stop, self.limits[1])) |
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142 | qrf = np.logspace(start, stop, steps, dtype='single') |
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143 | #qrf = np.logspace(start, stop, steps, dtype='double') |
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144 | qr = [mp.mpf(float(v)) for v in qrf] |
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145 | #qr = [10**v for v in mp.linspace(start, stop, steps)] |
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146 | |
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147 | target = self.call_mpmath(qr, bits=500) |
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148 | pylab.subplot(121) |
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149 | self.compare(qr, 'single', target, linear, diff) |
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150 | pylab.legend(loc='best') |
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151 | pylab.subplot(122) |
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152 | self.compare(qr, 'double', target, linear, diff) |
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153 | pylab.legend(loc='best') |
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154 | pylab.suptitle(self.name + " compared to 500-bit mpmath") |
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155 | |
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156 | def compare(self, x, precision, target, linear=False, diff="relative"): |
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157 | r""" |
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158 | Compare the different computation methods using the given precision. |
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159 | """ |
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160 | if precision == 'single': |
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161 | #n=11; plotdiff(x, target, self.call_mpmath(x, n), 'mp %d bits'%n, diff=diff) |
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162 | #n=23; plotdiff(x, target, self.call_mpmath(x, n), 'mp %d bits'%n, diff=diff) |
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163 | pass |
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164 | elif precision == 'double': |
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165 | #n=53; plotdiff(x, target, self.call_mpmath(x, n), 'mp %d bits'%n, diff=diff) |
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166 | #n=83; plotdiff(x, target, self.call_mpmath(x, n), 'mp %d bits'%n, diff=diff) |
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167 | pass |
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168 | plotdiff(x, target, self.call_numpy(x, precision), 'numpy '+precision, diff=diff) |
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169 | plotdiff(x, target, self.call_ocl(x, precision, 0), 'OpenCL '+precision, diff=diff) |
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170 | pylab.xlabel(self.xaxis) |
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171 | if diff == "relative": |
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172 | pylab.ylabel("relative error") |
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173 | elif diff == "absolute": |
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174 | pylab.ylabel("absolute error") |
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175 | else: |
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176 | pylab.ylabel(self.name) |
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177 | pylab.semilogx(x, target, '-', label="true value") |
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178 | if linear: |
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179 | pylab.xscale('linear') |
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180 | |
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181 | def plotdiff(x, target, actual, label, diff): |
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182 | """ |
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183 | Plot the computed value. |
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184 | |
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185 | Use relative error if SHOW_DIFF, otherwise just plot the value directly. |
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186 | """ |
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187 | if diff == "relative": |
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188 | err = np.array([(abs((t-a)/t) if t != 0 else a) for t, a in zip(target, actual)], 'd') |
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189 | #err = np.clip(err, 0, 1) |
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190 | pylab.loglog(x, err, '-', label=label) |
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191 | elif diff == "absolute": |
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192 | err = np.array([abs((t-a)) for t, a in zip(target, actual)], 'd') |
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193 | pylab.loglog(x, err, '-', label=label) |
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194 | else: |
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195 | limits = np.min(target), np.max(target) |
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196 | pylab.semilogx(x, np.clip(actual, *limits), '-', label=label) |
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197 | |
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198 | def make_ocl(function, name, source=[]): |
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199 | class Kernel(object): |
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200 | pass |
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201 | Kernel.__file__ = name+".py" |
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202 | Kernel.name = name |
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203 | Kernel.parameters = [] |
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204 | Kernel.source = source |
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205 | Kernel.Iq = function |
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206 | model_info = modelinfo.make_model_info(Kernel) |
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207 | return model_info |
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208 | |
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209 | # Hack to allow second parameter A in two parameter functions |
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210 | A = 1 |
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211 | def parse_extra_pars(): |
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212 | global A |
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213 | |
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214 | A_str = str(A) |
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215 | pop = [] |
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216 | for k, v in enumerate(sys.argv[1:]): |
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217 | if v.startswith("A="): |
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218 | A_str = v[2:] |
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219 | pop.append(k+1) |
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220 | if pop: |
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221 | sys.argv = [v for k, v in enumerate(sys.argv) if k not in pop] |
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222 | A = float(A_str) |
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223 | |
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224 | parse_extra_pars() |
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225 | |
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226 | |
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227 | # =============== FUNCTION DEFINITIONS ================ |
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228 | |
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229 | FUNCTIONS = {} |
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230 | def add_function(name, mp_function, np_function, ocl_function, |
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231 | shortname=None, xaxis="x", limits=(-inf, inf)): |
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232 | if shortname is None: |
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233 | shortname = name.replace('(x)', '').replace(' ', '') |
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234 | FUNCTIONS[shortname] = Comparator(name, mp_function, np_function, ocl_function, xaxis, limits) |
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235 | |
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236 | add_function( |
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237 | name="J0(x)", |
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238 | mp_function=mp.j0, |
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239 | np_function=scipy.special.j0, |
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240 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_J0(q);", "sas_J0", ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J0.c"]), |
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241 | ) |
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242 | add_function( |
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243 | name="J1(x)", |
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244 | mp_function=mp.j1, |
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245 | np_function=scipy.special.j1, |
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246 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_J1(q);", "sas_J1", ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J1.c"]), |
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247 | ) |
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248 | add_function( |
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249 | name="JN(-3, x)", |
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250 | mp_function=lambda x: mp.besselj(-3, x), |
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251 | np_function=lambda x: scipy.special.jn(-3, x), |
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252 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_JN(-3, q);", "sas_JN", |
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253 | ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J0.c", "lib/sas_J1.c", "lib/sas_JN.c"]), |
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254 | shortname="J-3", |
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255 | ) |
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256 | add_function( |
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257 | name="JN(3, x)", |
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258 | mp_function=lambda x: mp.besselj(3, x), |
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259 | np_function=lambda x: scipy.special.jn(3, x), |
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260 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_JN(3, q);", "sas_JN", |
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261 | ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J0.c", "lib/sas_J1.c", "lib/sas_JN.c"]), |
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262 | shortname="J3", |
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263 | ) |
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264 | add_function( |
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265 | name="JN(2, x)", |
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266 | mp_function=lambda x: mp.besselj(2, x), |
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267 | np_function=lambda x: scipy.special.jn(2, x), |
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268 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_JN(2, q);", "sas_JN", |
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269 | ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J0.c", "lib/sas_J1.c", "lib/sas_JN.c"]), |
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270 | shortname="J2", |
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271 | ) |
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272 | add_function( |
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273 | name="2 J1(x)/x", |
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274 | mp_function=lambda x: 2*mp.j1(x)/x, |
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275 | np_function=lambda x: 2*scipy.special.j1(x)/x, |
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276 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_2J1x_x(q);", "sas_2J1x_x", ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J1.c"]), |
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277 | ) |
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278 | add_function( |
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279 | name="J1(x)", |
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280 | mp_function=mp.j1, |
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281 | np_function=scipy.special.j1, |
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282 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_J1(q);", "sas_J1", ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J1.c"]), |
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283 | ) |
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284 | add_function( |
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285 | name="Si(x)", |
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286 | mp_function=mp.si, |
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287 | np_function=lambda x: scipy.special.sici(x)[0], |
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288 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_Si(q);", "sas_Si", ["lib/sas_Si.c"]), |
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289 | ) |
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290 | #import fnlib |
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291 | #add_function( |
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292 | # name="fnlibJ1", |
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293 | # mp_function=mp.j1, |
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294 | # np_function=fnlib.J1, |
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295 | # ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_J1(q);", "sas_J1", ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J1.c"]), |
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296 | #) |
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297 | add_function( |
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298 | name="sin(x)", |
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299 | mp_function=mp.sin, |
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300 | np_function=np.sin, |
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301 | #ocl_function=make_ocl("double sn, cn; SINCOS(q,sn,cn); return sn;", "sas_sin"), |
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302 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sin(q);", "sas_sin"), |
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303 | ) |
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304 | add_function( |
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305 | name="sin(x)/x", |
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306 | mp_function=lambda x: mp.sin(x)/x if x != 0 else 1, |
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307 | ## scipy sinc function is inaccurate and has an implied pi*x term |
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308 | #np_function=lambda x: scipy.special.sinc(x/pi), |
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309 | ## numpy sin(x)/x needs to check for x=0 |
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310 | np_function=lambda x: np.sin(x)/x, |
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311 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_sinx_x(q);", "sas_sinc"), |
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312 | ) |
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313 | add_function( |
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314 | name="cos(x)", |
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315 | mp_function=mp.cos, |
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316 | np_function=np.cos, |
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317 | #ocl_function=make_ocl("double sn, cn; SINCOS(q,sn,cn); return cn;", "sas_cos"), |
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318 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return cos(q);", "sas_cos"), |
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319 | ) |
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320 | add_function( |
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321 | name="gamma(x)", |
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322 | mp_function=mp.gamma, |
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323 | np_function=scipy.special.gamma, |
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324 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_gamma(q);", "sas_gamma", ["lib/sas_gamma.c"]), |
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325 | limits=(-3.1, 10), |
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326 | ) |
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327 | add_function( |
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328 | name="gammaln(x)", |
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329 | mp_function=mp.loggamma, |
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330 | np_function=scipy.special.gammaln, |
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331 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_gammaln(q);", "sas_gammaln", ["lib/sas_gammainc.c"]), |
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332 | #ocl_function=make_ocl("return lgamma(q);", "sas_gammaln"), |
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333 | ) |
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334 | add_function( |
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335 | name="gammainc(x)", |
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336 | mp_function=lambda x, a=A: mp.gammainc(a, a=0, b=x)/mp.gamma(a), |
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337 | np_function=lambda x, a=A: scipy.special.gammainc(a, x), |
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338 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_gammainc(%.15g,q);"%A, "sas_gammainc", ["lib/sas_gammainc.c"]), |
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339 | ) |
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340 | add_function( |
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341 | name="gammaincc(x)", |
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342 | mp_function=lambda x, a=A: mp.gammainc(a, a=x, b=mp.inf)/mp.gamma(a), |
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343 | np_function=lambda x, a=A: scipy.special.gammaincc(a, x), |
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344 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_gammaincc(%.15g,q);"%A, "sas_gammaincc", ["lib/sas_gammainc.c"]), |
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345 | ) |
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346 | add_function( |
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347 | name="erf(x)", |
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348 | mp_function=mp.erf, |
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349 | np_function=scipy.special.erf, |
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350 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_erf(q);", "sas_erf", ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_erf.c"]), |
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351 | limits=(-5., 5.), |
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352 | ) |
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353 | add_function( |
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354 | name="erfc(x)", |
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355 | mp_function=mp.erfc, |
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356 | np_function=scipy.special.erfc, |
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357 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_erfc(q);", "sas_erfc", ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_erf.c"]), |
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358 | limits=(-5., 5.), |
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359 | ) |
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360 | add_function( |
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361 | name="expm1(x)", |
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362 | mp_function=mp.expm1, |
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363 | np_function=np.expm1, |
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364 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return expm1(q);", "sas_expm1"), |
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365 | limits=(-5., 5.), |
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366 | ) |
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367 | add_function( |
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368 | name="arctan(x)", |
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369 | mp_function=mp.atan, |
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370 | np_function=np.arctan, |
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371 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return atan(q);", "sas_arctan"), |
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372 | ) |
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373 | add_function( |
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374 | name="3 j1(x)/x", |
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375 | mp_function=lambda x: 3*(mp.sin(x)/x - mp.cos(x))/(x*x), |
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376 | # Note: no taylor expansion near 0 |
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377 | np_function=lambda x: 3*(np.sin(x)/x - np.cos(x))/(x*x), |
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378 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_3j1x_x(q);", "sas_j1c", ["lib/sas_3j1x_x.c"]), |
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379 | ) |
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380 | add_function( |
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381 | name="(1-cos(x))/x^2", |
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382 | mp_function=lambda x: (1 - mp.cos(x))/(x*x), |
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383 | np_function=lambda x: (1 - np.cos(x))/(x*x), |
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384 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return (1-cos(q))/q/q;", "sas_1mcosx_x2"), |
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385 | ) |
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386 | add_function( |
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387 | name="(1-sin(x)/x)/x", |
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388 | mp_function=lambda x: 1/x - mp.sin(x)/(x*x), |
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389 | np_function=lambda x: 1/x - np.sin(x)/(x*x), |
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390 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return (1-sas_sinx_x(q))/q;", "sas_1msinx_x_x"), |
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391 | ) |
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392 | add_function( |
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393 | name="(1/2-sin(x)/x+(1-cos(x))/x^2)/x", |
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394 | mp_function=lambda x: (0.5 - mp.sin(x)/x + (1-mp.cos(x))/(x*x))/x, |
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395 | np_function=lambda x: (0.5 - np.sin(x)/x + (1-np.cos(x))/(x*x))/x, |
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396 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return (0.5-sin(q)/q + (1-cos(q))/q/q)/q;", "sas_T2"), |
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397 | ) |
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398 | add_function( |
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399 | name="fmod_2pi", |
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400 | mp_function=lambda x: mp.fmod(x, 2*mp.pi), |
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401 | np_function=lambda x: np.fmod(x, 2*np.pi), |
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402 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return fmod(q, 2*M_PI);", "sas_fmod"), |
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403 | ) |
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404 | add_function( |
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405 | name="debye", |
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406 | mp_function=lambda x: 2*(mp.exp(-x**2) + x**2 - 1)/x**4, |
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407 | np_function=lambda x: 2*(np.expm1(-x**2) + x**2)/x**4, |
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408 | ocl_function=make_ocl(""" |
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409 | const double qsq = q*q; |
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410 | if (qsq < 1.0) { // Pade approximation |
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411 | const double x = qsq; |
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412 | if (0) { // 0.36 single |
---|
413 | // PadeApproximant[2*Exp[-x^2] + x^2-1)/x^4, {x, 0, 4}] |
---|
414 | return (x*x/180. + 1.)/((1./30.*x + 1./3.)*x + 1); |
---|
415 | } else if (0) { // 1.0 for single |
---|
416 | // padeapproximant[2*exp[-x^2] + x^2-1)/x^4, {x, 0, 6}] |
---|
417 | const double A1=1./24., A2=1./84, A3=-1./3360; |
---|
418 | const double B1=3./8., B2=3./56., B3=1./336.; |
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419 | return (((A3*x + A2)*x + A1)*x + 1.)/(((B3*x + B2)*x + B1)*x + 1.); |
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420 | } else if (1) { // 1.0 for single, 0.25 for double |
---|
421 | // PadeApproximant[2*Exp[-x^2] + x^2-1)/x^4, {x, 0, 8}] |
---|
422 | const double A1=1./15., A2=1./60, A3=0., A4=1./75600.; |
---|
423 | const double B1=2./5., B2=1./15., B3=1./180., B4=1./5040.; |
---|
424 | return ((((A4*x + A3)*x + A2)*x + A1)*x + 1.) |
---|
425 | /((((B4*x + B3)*x + B2)*x + B1)*x + 1.); |
---|
426 | } else { // 1.0 for single, 0.5 for double |
---|
427 | // PadeApproximant[2*Exp[-x^2] + x^2-1)/x^4, {x, 0, 8}] |
---|
428 | const double A1=1./12., A2=2./99., A3=1./2640., A4=1./23760., A5=-1./1995840.; |
---|
429 | const double B1=5./12., B2=5./66., B3=1./132., B4=1./2376., B5=1./95040.; |
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430 | return (((((A5*x + A4)*x + A3)*x + A2)*x + A1)*x + 1.) |
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431 | /(((((B5*x + B4)*x + B3)*x + B2)*x + B1)*x + 1.); |
---|
432 | } |
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433 | } else if (qsq < 1.) { // Taylor series; 0.9 for single, 0.25 for double |
---|
434 | const double x = qsq; |
---|
435 | const double C0 = +1.; |
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436 | const double C1 = -1./3.; |
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437 | const double C2 = +1./12.; |
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438 | const double C3 = -1./60.; |
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439 | const double C4 = +1./360.; |
---|
440 | const double C5 = -1./2520.; |
---|
441 | const double C6 = +1./20160.; |
---|
442 | const double C7 = -1./181440.; |
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443 | //return ((((C5*x + C4)*x + C3)*x + C2)*x + C1)*x + C0; |
---|
444 | //return (((((C6*x + C5)*x + C4)*x + C3)*x + C2)*x + C1)*x + C0; |
---|
445 | return ((((((C7*x + C6)*x + C5)*x + C4)*x + C3)*x + C2)*x + C1)*x + C0; |
---|
446 | } else { |
---|
447 | return 2.*(expm1(-qsq) + qsq)/(qsq*qsq); |
---|
448 | } |
---|
449 | """, "sas_debye"), |
---|
450 | ) |
---|
451 | |
---|
452 | RADIUS=3000 |
---|
453 | LENGTH=30 |
---|
454 | THETA=45 |
---|
455 | def mp_cyl(x): |
---|
456 | f = mp.mpf |
---|
457 | theta = f(THETA)*mp.pi/f(180) |
---|
458 | qr = x * f(RADIUS)*mp.sin(theta) |
---|
459 | qh = x * f(LENGTH)/f(2)*mp.cos(theta) |
---|
460 | be = f(2)*mp.j1(qr)/qr |
---|
461 | si = mp.sin(qh)/qh |
---|
462 | background = f(0) |
---|
463 | #background = f(1)/f(1000) |
---|
464 | volume = mp.pi*f(RADIUS)**f(2)*f(LENGTH) |
---|
465 | contrast = f(5) |
---|
466 | units = f(1)/f(10000) |
---|
467 | #return be |
---|
468 | #return si |
---|
469 | return units*(volume*contrast*be*si)**f(2)/volume + background |
---|
470 | def np_cyl(x): |
---|
471 | f = np.float64 if x.dtype == np.float64 else np.float32 |
---|
472 | theta = f(THETA)*f(np.pi)/f(180) |
---|
473 | qr = x * f(RADIUS)*np.sin(theta) |
---|
474 | qh = x * f(LENGTH)/f(2)*np.cos(theta) |
---|
475 | be = f(2)*scipy.special.j1(qr)/qr |
---|
476 | si = np.sin(qh)/qh |
---|
477 | background = f(0) |
---|
478 | #background = f(1)/f(1000) |
---|
479 | volume = f(np.pi)*f(RADIUS)**2*f(LENGTH) |
---|
480 | contrast = f(5) |
---|
481 | units = f(1)/f(10000) |
---|
482 | #return be |
---|
483 | #return si |
---|
484 | return units*(volume*contrast*be*si)**f(2)/volume + background |
---|
485 | ocl_cyl = """\ |
---|
486 | double THETA = %(THETA).15e*M_PI_180; |
---|
487 | double qr = q*%(RADIUS).15e*sin(THETA); |
---|
488 | double qh = q*0.5*%(LENGTH).15e*cos(THETA); |
---|
489 | double be = sas_2J1x_x(qr); |
---|
490 | double si = sas_sinx_x(qh); |
---|
491 | double background = 0; |
---|
492 | //double background = 0.001; |
---|
493 | double volume = M_PI*square(%(RADIUS).15e)*%(LENGTH).15e; |
---|
494 | double contrast = 5.0; |
---|
495 | double units = 1e-4; |
---|
496 | //return be; |
---|
497 | //return si; |
---|
498 | return units*square(volume*contrast*be*si)/volume + background; |
---|
499 | """%{"LENGTH":LENGTH, "RADIUS": RADIUS, "THETA": THETA} |
---|
500 | add_function( |
---|
501 | name="cylinder(r=%g, l=%g, theta=%g)"%(RADIUS, LENGTH, THETA), |
---|
502 | mp_function=mp_cyl, |
---|
503 | np_function=np_cyl, |
---|
504 | ocl_function=make_ocl(ocl_cyl, "ocl_cyl", ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J1.c"]), |
---|
505 | shortname="cylinder", |
---|
506 | xaxis="$q/A^{-1}$", |
---|
507 | ) |
---|
508 | |
---|
509 | lanczos_gamma = """\ |
---|
510 | const double coeff[] = { |
---|
511 | 76.18009172947146, -86.50532032941677, |
---|
512 | 24.01409824083091, -1.231739572450155, |
---|
513 | 0.1208650973866179e-2,-0.5395239384953e-5 |
---|
514 | }; |
---|
515 | const double x = q; |
---|
516 | double tmp = x + 5.5; |
---|
517 | tmp -= (x + 0.5)*log(tmp); |
---|
518 | double ser = 1.000000000190015; |
---|
519 | for (int k=0; k < 6; k++) ser += coeff[k]/(x + k+1); |
---|
520 | return -tmp + log(2.5066282746310005*ser/x); |
---|
521 | """ |
---|
522 | add_function( |
---|
523 | name="loggamma(x)", |
---|
524 | mp_function=mp.loggamma, |
---|
525 | np_function=scipy.special.gammaln, |
---|
526 | ocl_function=make_ocl(lanczos_gamma, "lgamma"), |
---|
527 | ) |
---|
528 | |
---|
529 | replacement_expm1 = """\ |
---|
530 | double x = (double)q; // go back to float for single precision kernels |
---|
531 | // Adapted from the cephes math library. |
---|
532 | // Copyright 1984 - 1992 by Stephen L. Moshier |
---|
533 | if (x != x || x == 0.0) { |
---|
534 | return x; // NaN and +/- 0 |
---|
535 | } else if (x < -0.5 || x > 0.5) { |
---|
536 | return exp(x) - 1.0; |
---|
537 | } else { |
---|
538 | const double xsq = x*x; |
---|
539 | const double p = ((( |
---|
540 | +1.2617719307481059087798E-4)*xsq |
---|
541 | +3.0299440770744196129956E-2)*xsq |
---|
542 | +9.9999999999999999991025E-1); |
---|
543 | const double q = (((( |
---|
544 | +3.0019850513866445504159E-6)*xsq |
---|
545 | +2.5244834034968410419224E-3)*xsq |
---|
546 | +2.2726554820815502876593E-1)*xsq |
---|
547 | +2.0000000000000000000897E0); |
---|
548 | double r = x * p; |
---|
549 | r = r / (q - r); |
---|
550 | return r+r; |
---|
551 | } |
---|
552 | """ |
---|
553 | add_function( |
---|
554 | name="sas_expm1(x)", |
---|
555 | mp_function=mp.expm1, |
---|
556 | np_function=np.expm1, |
---|
557 | ocl_function=make_ocl(replacement_expm1, "sas_expm1"), |
---|
558 | ) |
---|
559 | |
---|
560 | # Alternate versions of 3 j1(x)/x, for posterity |
---|
561 | def taylor_3j1x_x(x): |
---|
562 | """ |
---|
563 | Calculation using taylor series. |
---|
564 | """ |
---|
565 | # Generate coefficients using the precision of the target value. |
---|
566 | n = 5 |
---|
567 | cinv = [3991680, -45360, 840, -30, 3] |
---|
568 | three = x.dtype.type(3) |
---|
569 | p = three/np.array(cinv, x.dtype) |
---|
570 | return np.polyval(p[-n:], x*x) |
---|
571 | add_function( |
---|
572 | name="3 j1(x)/x: taylor", |
---|
573 | mp_function=lambda x: 3*(mp.sin(x)/x - mp.cos(x))/(x*x), |
---|
574 | np_function=taylor_3j1x_x, |
---|
575 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_3j1x_x(q);", "sas_j1c", ["lib/sas_3j1x_x.c"]), |
---|
576 | ) |
---|
577 | def trig_3j1x_x(x): |
---|
578 | r""" |
---|
579 | Direct calculation using linear combination of sin/cos. |
---|
580 | |
---|
581 | Use the following trig identity: |
---|
582 | |
---|
583 | .. math:: |
---|
584 | |
---|
585 | a \sin(x) + b \cos(x) = c \sin(x + \phi) |
---|
586 | |
---|
587 | where $c = \surd(a^2+b^2)$ and $\phi = \tan^{-1}(b/a) to calculate the |
---|
588 | numerator $\sin(x) - x\cos(x)$. |
---|
589 | """ |
---|
590 | one = x.dtype.type(1) |
---|
591 | three = x.dtype.type(3) |
---|
592 | c = np.sqrt(one + x*x) |
---|
593 | phi = np.arctan2(-x, one) |
---|
594 | return three*(c*np.sin(x+phi))/(x*x*x) |
---|
595 | add_function( |
---|
596 | name="3 j1(x)/x: trig", |
---|
597 | mp_function=lambda x: 3*(mp.sin(x)/x - mp.cos(x))/(x*x), |
---|
598 | np_function=trig_3j1x_x, |
---|
599 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_3j1x_x(q);", "sas_j1c", ["lib/sas_3j1x_x.c"]), |
---|
600 | ) |
---|
601 | def np_2J1x_x(x): |
---|
602 | """ |
---|
603 | numpy implementation of 2J1(x)/x using single precision algorithm |
---|
604 | """ |
---|
605 | # pylint: disable=bad-continuation |
---|
606 | f = x.dtype.type |
---|
607 | ax = abs(x) |
---|
608 | if ax < f(8.0): |
---|
609 | y = x*x |
---|
610 | ans1 = f(2)*(f(72362614232.0) |
---|
611 | + y*(f(-7895059235.0) |
---|
612 | + y*(f(242396853.1) |
---|
613 | + y*(f(-2972611.439) |
---|
614 | + y*(f(15704.48260) |
---|
615 | + y*(f(-30.16036606))))))) |
---|
616 | ans2 = (f(144725228442.0) |
---|
617 | + y*(f(2300535178.0) |
---|
618 | + y*(f(18583304.74) |
---|
619 | + y*(f(99447.43394) |
---|
620 | + y*(f(376.9991397) |
---|
621 | + y))))) |
---|
622 | return ans1/ans2 |
---|
623 | else: |
---|
624 | y = f(64.0)/(ax*ax) |
---|
625 | xx = ax - f(2.356194491) |
---|
626 | ans1 = (f(1.0) |
---|
627 | + y*(f(0.183105e-2) |
---|
628 | + y*(f(-0.3516396496e-4) |
---|
629 | + y*(f(0.2457520174e-5) |
---|
630 | + y*f(-0.240337019e-6))))) |
---|
631 | ans2 = (f(0.04687499995) |
---|
632 | + y*(f(-0.2002690873e-3) |
---|
633 | + y*(f(0.8449199096e-5) |
---|
634 | + y*(f(-0.88228987e-6) |
---|
635 | + y*f(0.105787412e-6))))) |
---|
636 | sn, cn = np.sin(xx), np.cos(xx) |
---|
637 | ans = np.sqrt(f(0.636619772)/ax) * (cn*ans1 - (f(8.0)/ax)*sn*ans2) * f(2)/x |
---|
638 | return -ans if (x < f(0.0)) else ans |
---|
639 | add_function( |
---|
640 | name="2 J1(x)/x:alt", |
---|
641 | mp_function=lambda x: 2*mp.j1(x)/x, |
---|
642 | np_function=lambda x: np.asarray([np_2J1x_x(v) for v in x], x.dtype), |
---|
643 | ocl_function=make_ocl("return sas_2J1x_x(q);", "sas_2J1x_x", ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J1.c"]), |
---|
644 | ) |
---|
645 | |
---|
646 | ALL_FUNCTIONS = set(FUNCTIONS.keys()) |
---|
647 | ALL_FUNCTIONS.discard("loggamma") # use cephes-based gammaln instead |
---|
648 | ALL_FUNCTIONS.discard("3j1/x:taylor") |
---|
649 | ALL_FUNCTIONS.discard("3j1/x:trig") |
---|
650 | ALL_FUNCTIONS.discard("2J1/x:alt") |
---|
651 | |
---|
652 | # =============== MAIN PROGRAM ================ |
---|
653 | |
---|
654 | def usage(): |
---|
655 | names = ", ".join(sorted(ALL_FUNCTIONS)) |
---|
656 | print("""\ |
---|
657 | usage: precision.py [-f/a/r] [-x<range>] "name" ... |
---|
658 | where |
---|
659 | -f indicates that the function value should be plotted, |
---|
660 | -a indicates that the absolute error should be plotted, |
---|
661 | -r indicates that the relative error should be plotted (default), |
---|
662 | -x<range> indicates the steps in x, where <range> is one of the following |
---|
663 | log indicates log stepping in [10^-3, 10^5] (default) |
---|
664 | logq indicates log stepping in [10^-4, 10^1] |
---|
665 | linear indicates linear stepping in [1, 1000] |
---|
666 | zoom indicates linear stepping in [1000, 1010] |
---|
667 | neg indicates linear stepping in [-100.1, 100.1] |
---|
668 | start:stop:n[:stepping] indicates an n-step plot in [start, stop] |
---|
669 | or [10^start, 10^stop] if stepping is "log" (default n=400) |
---|
670 | Some functions (notably gammainc/gammaincc) have an additional parameter A |
---|
671 | which can be set from the command line as A=value. Default is A=1. |
---|
672 | |
---|
673 | Name is one of: |
---|
674 | """+names) |
---|
675 | sys.exit(1) |
---|
676 | |
---|
677 | def main(): |
---|
678 | import sys |
---|
679 | diff = "relative" |
---|
680 | xrange = "log" |
---|
681 | options = [v for v in sys.argv[1:] if v.startswith('-')] |
---|
682 | for opt in options: |
---|
683 | if opt == '-f': |
---|
684 | diff = "none" |
---|
685 | elif opt == '-r': |
---|
686 | diff = "relative" |
---|
687 | elif opt == '-a': |
---|
688 | diff = "absolute" |
---|
689 | elif opt.startswith('-x'): |
---|
690 | xrange = opt[2:] |
---|
691 | else: |
---|
692 | usage() |
---|
693 | |
---|
694 | names = [v for v in sys.argv[1:] if not v.startswith('-')] |
---|
695 | if not names: |
---|
696 | usage() |
---|
697 | |
---|
698 | if names[0] == "all": |
---|
699 | cutoff = names[1] if len(names) > 1 else "" |
---|
700 | names = list(sorted(ALL_FUNCTIONS)) |
---|
701 | names = [k for k in names if k >= cutoff] |
---|
702 | if any(k not in FUNCTIONS for k in names): |
---|
703 | usage() |
---|
704 | multiple = len(names) > 1 |
---|
705 | pylab.interactive(multiple) |
---|
706 | for k in names: |
---|
707 | pylab.clf() |
---|
708 | comparator = FUNCTIONS[k] |
---|
709 | comparator.run(xrange=xrange, diff=diff) |
---|
710 | if multiple: |
---|
711 | raw_input() |
---|
712 | if not multiple: |
---|
713 | pylab.show() |
---|
714 | |
---|
715 | if __name__ == "__main__": |
---|
716 | main() |
---|