source: sasmodels/sasmodels/product.py @ 0507e09

core_shell_microgelsmagnetic_modelticket-1257-vesicle-productticket_1156ticket_1265_superballticket_822_more_unit_tests
Last change on this file since 0507e09 was b297ba9, checked in by Paul Kienzle <pkienzle@…>, 5 years ago

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1"""
2Product model
3-------------
4
5The product model multiplies the structure factor by the form factor,
6modulated by the effective radius of the form.  The resulting model
7has a attributes of both the model description (with parameters, etc.)
8and the module evaluator (with call, release, etc.).
9
10To use it, first load form factor P and structure factor S, then create
11*make_product_info(P, S)*.
12"""
13from __future__ import print_function, division
14
15from collections import OrderedDict
16
17from copy import copy
18import numpy as np  # type: ignore
19
20from .modelinfo import ParameterTable, ModelInfo, parse_parameter
21from .kernel import KernelModel, Kernel
22from .details import make_details
23
24# pylint: disable=unused-import
25try:
26    from typing import Tuple, Callable, Union
27except ImportError:
28    pass
29else:
30    from .modelinfo import ParameterSet, Parameter
31# pylint: enable=unused-import
32
33# TODO: make estimates available to constraints
34#ESTIMATED_PARAMETERS = [
35#    ["est_radius_effective", "A", 0.0, [0, np.inf], "", "Estimated effective radius"],
36#    ["est_volume_ratio", "", 1.0, [0, np.inf], "", "Estimated volume ratio"],
37#]
38
39STRUCTURE_MODE_ID = "structure_factor_mode"
40RADIUS_MODE_ID = "radius_effective_mode"
41RADIUS_ID = "radius_effective"
42VOLFRAC_ID = "volfraction"
43def make_extra_pars(p_info):
44    # type: (ModelInfo) -> List[Parameter]
45    """
46    Create parameters for structure_factor_mode and radius_effective_mode.
47    """
48    pars = []
49    if p_info.have_Fq:
50        par = parse_parameter(
51            STRUCTURE_MODE_ID,
52            "",
53            0,
54            [["P*S", "P*(1+beta*(S-1))"]],
55            "",
56            "Structure factor calculation")
57        pars.append(par)
58    if p_info.effective_radius_type is not None:
59        par = parse_parameter(
60            RADIUS_MODE_ID,
61            "",
62            1,
63            [["unconstrained"] + p_info.effective_radius_type],
64            "",
65            "Effective radius calculation")
66        pars.append(par)
67    return pars
68
69def make_product_info(p_info, s_info):
70    # type: (ModelInfo, ModelInfo) -> ModelInfo
71    """
72    Create info block for product model.
73    """
74    # Make sure effective radius is the first parameter and
75    # make sure volume fraction is the second parameter of the
76    # structure factor calculator.  Structure factors should not
77    # have any magnetic parameters
78    if not len(s_info.parameters.kernel_parameters) >= 2:
79        raise TypeError("S needs {} and {} as its first parameters".format(RADIUS_ID, VOLFRAC_ID))
80    if not s_info.parameters.kernel_parameters[0].id == RADIUS_ID:
81        raise TypeError("S needs {} as first parameter".format(RADIUS_ID))
82    if not s_info.parameters.kernel_parameters[1].id == VOLFRAC_ID:
83        raise TypeError("S needs {} as second parameter".format(VOLFRAC_ID))
84    if not s_info.parameters.magnetism_index == []:
85        raise TypeError("S should not have SLD parameters")
86    p_id, p_name, p_pars = p_info.id, p_info.name, p_info.parameters
87    s_id, s_name, s_pars = s_info.id, s_info.name, s_info.parameters
88
89    # Create list of parameters for the combined model.  If there
90    # are any names in P that overlap with those in S, modify the name in S
91    # to distinguish it.
92    p_set = set(p.id for p in p_pars.kernel_parameters)
93    s_list = [(_tag_parameter(par) if par.id in p_set else par)
94              for par in s_pars.kernel_parameters]
95    # Check if still a collision after renaming.  This could happen if for
96    # example S has volfrac and P has both volfrac and volfrac_S.
97    if any(p.id in p_set for p in s_list):
98        raise TypeError("name collision: P has P.name and P.name_S while S has S.name")
99
100    # make sure effective radius is not a polydisperse parameter in product
101    s_list[0] = copy(s_list[0])
102    s_list[0].polydisperse = False
103
104    translate_name = dict((old.id, new.id) for old, new
105                          in zip(s_pars.kernel_parameters, s_list))
106    combined_pars = p_pars.kernel_parameters + s_list + make_extra_pars(p_info)
107    parameters = ParameterTable(combined_pars)
108    parameters.max_pd = p_pars.max_pd + s_pars.max_pd
109    def random():
110        """Random set of model parameters for product model"""
111        combined_pars = p_info.random()
112        s_names = set(par.id for par in s_pars.kernel_parameters)
113        combined_pars.update((translate_name[k], v)
114                             for k, v in s_info.random().items()
115                             if k in s_names)
116        return combined_pars
117
118    model_info = ModelInfo()
119    model_info.id = '@'.join((p_id, s_id))
120    model_info.name = '@'.join((p_name, s_name))
121    model_info.filename = None
122    model_info.title = 'Product of %s and %s'%(p_name, s_name)
123    model_info.description = model_info.title
124    model_info.docs = model_info.title
125    model_info.category = "custom"
126    model_info.parameters = parameters
127    model_info.random = random
128    #model_info.single = p_info.single and s_info.single
129    model_info.structure_factor = False
130    model_info.variant_info = None
131    #model_info.tests = []
132    #model_info.source = []
133    # Remember the component info blocks so we can build the model
134    model_info.composition = ('product', [p_info, s_info])
135    model_info.hidden = p_info.hidden
136    if getattr(p_info, 'profile', None) is not None:
137        profile_pars = set(p.id for p in p_info.parameters.kernel_parameters)
138        def profile(**kwargs):
139            """Return SLD profile of the form factor as a function of radius."""
140            # extract the profile args
141            kwargs = dict((k, v) for k, v in kwargs.items() if k in profile_pars)
142            return p_info.profile(**kwargs)
143    else:
144        profile = None
145    model_info.profile = profile
146    model_info.profile_axes = p_info.profile_axes
147
148    # TODO: delegate random to p_info, s_info
149    #model_info.random = lambda: {}
150
151    ## Show the parameter table
152    #from .compare import get_pars, parlist
153    #print("==== %s ====="%model_info.name)
154    #values = get_pars(model_info)
155    #print(parlist(model_info, values, is2d=True))
156    return model_info
157
158def _tag_parameter(par):
159    """
160    Tag the parameter name with _S to indicate that the parameter comes from
161    the structure factor parameter set.  This is only necessary if the
162    form factor model includes a parameter of the same name as a parameter
163    in the structure factor.
164    """
165    par = copy(par)
166    # Protect against a vector parameter in S by appending the vector length
167    # to the renamed parameter.  Note: haven't tested this since no existing
168    # structure factor models contain vector parameters.
169    vector_length = par.name[len(par.id):]
170    par.id = par.id + "_S"
171    par.name = par.id + vector_length
172    return par
173
174def _intermediates(
175        F1,               # type: np.ndarray
176        F2,               # type: np.ndarray
177        S,                # type: np.ndarray
178        scale,            # type: float
179        effective_radius, # type: float
180        beta_mode,        # type: bool
181    ):
182    # type: (...) -> OrderedDict[str, Union[np.ndarray, float]]
183    """
184    Returns intermediate results for beta approximation-enabled product.
185    The result may be an array or a float.
186    """
187    if beta_mode:
188        # TODO: 1. include calculated Q vector
189        # TODO: 2. consider implications if there are intermediate results in P(Q)
190        parts = OrderedDict((
191            ("P(Q)", scale*F2),
192            ("S(Q)", S),
193            ("beta(Q)", F1**2 / F2),
194            ("S_eff(Q)", 1 + (F1**2 / F2)*(S-1)),
195            ("effective_radius", effective_radius),
196            # ("I(Q)", scale*(F2 + (F1**2)*(S-1)) + bg),
197        ))
198    else:
199        parts = OrderedDict((
200            ("P(Q)", scale*F2),
201            ("S(Q)", S),
202            ("effective_radius", effective_radius),
203        ))
204    return parts
205
206class ProductModel(KernelModel):
207    """
208    Model definition for product model.
209    """
210    def __init__(self, model_info, P, S):
211        # type: (ModelInfo, KernelModel, KernelModel) -> None
212        #: Combined info plock for the product model
213        self.info = model_info
214        #: Form factor modelling individual particles.
215        self.P = P
216        #: Structure factor modelling interaction between particles.
217        self.S = S
218
219        #: Model precision. This is not really relevant, since it is the
220        #: individual P and S models that control the effective dtype,
221        #: converting the q-vectors to the correct type when the kernels
222        #: for each are created. Ideally this should be set to the more
223        #: precise type to avoid loss of precision, but precision in q is
224        #: not critical (single is good enough for our purposes), so it just
225        #: uses the precision of the form factor.
226        self.dtype = P.dtype  # type: np.dtype
227
228    def make_kernel(self, q_vectors):
229        # type: (List[np.ndarray]) -> Kernel
230        # Note: may be sending the q_vectors to the GPU twice even though they
231        # are only needed once.  It would mess up modularity quite a bit to
232        # handle this optimally, especially since there are many cases where
233        # separate q vectors are needed (e.g., form in python and structure
234        # in opencl; or both in opencl, but one in single precision and the
235        # other in double precision).
236
237        p_kernel = self.P.make_kernel(q_vectors)
238        s_kernel = self.S.make_kernel(q_vectors)
239        return ProductKernel(self.info, p_kernel, s_kernel)
240    make_kernel.__doc__ = KernelModel.make_kernel.__doc__
241
242    def release(self):
243        # type: (None) -> None
244        """
245        Free resources associated with the model.
246        """
247        self.P.release()
248        self.S.release()
249
250
251class ProductKernel(Kernel):
252    """
253    Instantiated kernel for product model.
254    """
255    def __init__(self, model_info, p_kernel, s_kernel):
256        # type: (ModelInfo, Kernel, Kernel) -> None
257        self.info = model_info
258        self.p_kernel = p_kernel
259        self.s_kernel = s_kernel
260        self.dtype = p_kernel.dtype
261        self.results = []  # type: List[np.ndarray]
262
263    def Iq(self, call_details, values, cutoff, magnetic):
264        # type: (CallDetails, np.ndarray, float, bool) -> np.ndarray
265
266        p_info, s_info = self.info.composition[1]
267        p_npars = p_info.parameters.npars
268        p_length = call_details.length[:p_npars]
269        p_offset = call_details.offset[:p_npars]
270        s_npars = s_info.parameters.npars
271        s_length = call_details.length[p_npars:p_npars+s_npars]
272        s_offset = call_details.offset[p_npars:p_npars+s_npars]
273
274        # Beta mode parameter is the first parameter after P and S parameters
275        have_beta_mode = p_info.have_Fq
276        beta_mode_offset = 2+p_npars+s_npars
277        beta_mode = (values[beta_mode_offset] > 0) if have_beta_mode else False
278        if beta_mode and self.p_kernel.dim == '2d':
279            raise NotImplementedError("beta not yet supported for 2D")
280
281        # R_eff type parameter is the second parameter after P and S parameters
282        # unless the model doesn't support beta mode, in which case it is first
283        have_radius_type = p_info.effective_radius_type is not None
284        radius_type_offset = 2+p_npars+s_npars + (1 if have_beta_mode else 0)
285        radius_type = int(values[radius_type_offset]) if have_radius_type else 0
286
287        # Retrieve the volume fraction, which is the second of the
288        # 'S' parameters in the parameter list, or 2+np in 0-origin,
289        # as well as the scale and background.
290        volfrac = values[3+p_npars]
291        scale, background = values[0], values[1]
292
293        # if there are magnetic parameters, they will only be on the
294        # form factor P, not the structure factor S.
295        nmagnetic = len(self.info.parameters.magnetism_index)
296        if nmagnetic:
297            spin_index = self.info.parameters.npars + 2
298            magnetism = values[spin_index: spin_index+3+3*nmagnetic]
299        else:
300            magnetism = []
301        nvalues = self.info.parameters.nvalues
302        nweights = call_details.num_weights
303        weights = values[nvalues:nvalues + 2*nweights]
304
305        # Construct the calling parameters for P.
306        p_details = make_details(p_info, p_length, p_offset, nweights)
307        p_values = [
308            [1., 0.], # scale=1, background=0,
309            values[2:2+p_npars],
310            magnetism,
311            weights]
312        spacer = (32 - sum(len(v) for v in p_values)%32)%32
313        p_values.append([0.]*spacer)
314        p_values = np.hstack(p_values).astype(self.p_kernel.dtype)
315
316        # Construct the calling parameters for S.
317        if radius_type > 0:
318            # If R_eff comes from form factor, make sure it is monodisperse.
319            # weight is set to 1 later, after the value array is created
320            s_length[0] = 1
321        s_details = make_details(s_info, s_length, s_offset, nweights)
322        s_values = [
323            [1., 0.], # scale=1, background=0,
324            values[2+p_npars:2+p_npars+s_npars],
325            weights,
326        ]
327        spacer = (32 - sum(len(v) for v in s_values)%32)%32
328        s_values.append([0.]*spacer)
329        s_values = np.hstack(s_values).astype(self.s_kernel.dtype)
330
331        # Call the form factor kernel to compute <F> and <F^2>.
332        # If the model doesn't support Fq the returned <F> will be None.
333        F1, F2, effective_radius, shell_volume, volume_ratio = self.p_kernel.Fq(
334            p_details, p_values, cutoff, magnetic, radius_type)
335
336        # Call the structure factor kernel to compute S.
337        # Plug R_eff from the form factor into structure factor parameters
338        # and scale volume fraction by form:shell volume ratio. These changes
339        # needs to be both in the initial value slot as well as the
340        # polydispersity distribution slot in the values array due to
341        # implementation details in kernel_iq.c.
342        #print("R_eff=%d:%g, volfrac=%g, volume ratio=%g"
343        #      % (radius_type, effective_radius, volfrac, volume_ratio))
344        if radius_type > 0:
345            # set the value to the model R_eff and set the weight to 1
346            s_values[2] = s_values[2+s_npars+s_offset[0]] = effective_radius
347            s_values[2+s_npars+s_offset[0]+nweights] = 1.0
348        s_values[3] = s_values[2+s_npars+s_offset[1]] = volfrac*volume_ratio
349        S = self.s_kernel.Iq(s_details, s_values, cutoff, False)
350
351        # Determine overall scale factor. Hollow shapes are weighted by
352        # shell_volume, so that is needed for volume normalization.  For
353        # solid shapes we can use shell_volume as well since it is equal
354        # to form volume.
355        combined_scale = scale*volfrac/shell_volume
356
357        # Combine form factor and structure factor
358        #print("beta", beta_mode, F1, F2, S)
359        PS = F2 + F1**2*(S-1) if beta_mode else F2*S
360        final_result = combined_scale*PS + background
361
362        # Capture intermediate values so user can see them.  These are
363        # returned as a lazy evaluator since they are only needed in the
364        # GUI, and not for each evaluation during a fit.
365        # TODO: return the results structure with the final results
366        # That way the model calcs are idempotent. Further, we can
367        # generalize intermediates to various other model types if we put it
368        # kernel calling interface.  Could do this as an "optional"
369        # return value in the caller, though in that case we could return
370        # the results directly rather than through a lazy evaluator.
371        self.results = lambda: _intermediates(
372            F1, F2, S, combined_scale, effective_radius, beta_mode)
373
374        return final_result
375
376    Iq.__doc__ = Kernel.Iq.__doc__
377    __call__ = Iq
378
379    def release(self):
380        # type: () -> None
381        """Free resources associated with the kernel."""
382        self.p_kernel.release()
383        self.s_kernel.release()
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