1 | r""" |
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2 | For information about polarised and magnetic scattering, click here_. |
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3 | |
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4 | .. _here: polar_mag_help.html |
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5 | |
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6 | Definition |
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7 | ---------- |
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8 | |
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9 | The scattering intensity *I(q)* is calculated as: |
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10 | |
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11 | .. math:: |
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12 | I(q) = \frac{scale}{V}(\Delta \rho)^2 A^2(q) S(q) +\text{background} |
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13 | |
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14 | |
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15 | where the amplitude *A(q)* is given as the typical sphere scattering convoluted |
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16 | with a Gaussian to get a gradual drop-off in the scattering length density: |
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17 | |
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18 | .. math:: |
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19 | |
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20 | A(q) = \frac{3\left[\sin(qR) - qR \cos(qR)\right]}{(qR)^3} |
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21 | \exp\left(\frac{-(o_{fuzzy}q)^2}{2}\right) |
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22 | |
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23 | Here *|A(q)|*:sup:`2`\ is the form factor, *P(q)*. The scale is equivalent to the |
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24 | volume fraction of spheres, each of volume, *V*\. Contrast (|drho|) is the |
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25 | difference of scattering length densities of the sphere and the surrounding |
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26 | solvent. |
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27 | |
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28 | Poly-dispersion in radius and in fuzziness is provided for. |
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29 | |
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30 | |
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31 | |
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32 | From the reference: |
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33 | |
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34 | The "fuzziness" of the interface is defined by the parameter |
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35 | |sigma| :sub:`fuzzy`\ . The particle radius *R* represents the radius of the |
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36 | particle where the scattering length density profile decreased to 1/2 of the |
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37 | core density. The |sigma| :sub:`fuzzy`\ is the width of the smeared particle |
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38 | surface; i.e., the standard deviation from the average height of the fuzzy |
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39 | interface. The inner regions of the microgel that display a higher density |
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40 | are described by the radial box profile extending to a radius of |
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41 | approximately *Rbox* ~ *R* - 2\ |sigma|\ . The profile approaches zero as |
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42 | *Rsans* ~ *R* + 2\ |sigma|\ . |
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43 | |
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44 | For 2D data: The 2D scattering intensity is calculated in the same way as 1D, |
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45 | where the *q* vector is defined as |
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46 | |
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47 | .. math:: |
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48 | |
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49 | q = \sqrt{{q_x}^2 + {q_y}^2} |
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50 | |
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51 | |
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52 | .. figure:: img/fuzzy_sphere.jpg |
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53 | |
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54 | This example dataset is produced by running the FuzzySphereModel, |
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55 | using 200 data points, *qmin* = 0.001 -1, |
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56 | *qmax* = 0.7 |Ang^-1|, background = 0.001 |cm^-1| and the default values. |
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57 | |
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58 | |
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59 | |
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60 | References |
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61 | ---------- |
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62 | |
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63 | M Stieger, J. S Pedersen, P Lindner, W Richtering, *Langmuir*, |
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64 | 20 (2004) 7283-7292 |
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65 | """ |
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66 | |
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67 | from numpy import inf |
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68 | |
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69 | name = "fuzzy_sphere" |
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70 | title = "Scattering from spherical particles with a fuzzy surface." |
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71 | description = """\ |
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72 | scale: scale factor times volume fraction, |
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73 | or just volume fraction for absolute scale data |
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74 | radius: radius of the solid sphere |
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75 | fuzziness = the STD of the height of fuzzy interfacial |
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76 | thickness (ie., so-called interfacial roughness) |
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77 | sld: the SLD of the sphere |
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78 | solvend_sld: the SLD of the solvent |
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79 | background: incoherent background |
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80 | Note: By definition, this function works only when fuzziness << radius. |
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81 | """ |
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82 | category = "shape:sphere" |
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83 | |
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84 | # pylint: disable=bad-whitespace,line-too-long |
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85 | # ["name", "units", default, [lower, upper], "type","description"], |
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86 | parameters = [["sld", "1e-6/Ang^2", 1, [-inf, inf], "", "Layer scattering length density"], |
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87 | ["solvent_sld", "1e-6/Ang^2", 3, [-inf, inf], "", "Solvent scattering length density"], |
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88 | ["radius", "Ang", 60, [0, inf], "volume", "Sphere radius"], |
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89 | ["fuzziness", "Ang", 10, [0, inf], "", "The STD of the height of fuzzy interfacial"], |
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90 | ] |
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91 | # pylint: enable=bad-whitespace,line-too-long |
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92 | |
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93 | source = ["lib/sph_j1c.c"] |
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94 | |
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95 | # No volume normalization despite having a volume parameter |
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96 | # This should perhaps be volume normalized? |
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97 | form_volume = """ |
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98 | return 1.333333333333333*M_PI*radius*radius*radius; |
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99 | """ |
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100 | |
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101 | Iq = """ |
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102 | const double qr = q*radius; |
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103 | const double bes = sph_j1c(qr); |
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104 | const double qf = q*fuzziness; |
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105 | const double fq = bes * (sld - solvent_sld) * form_volume(radius) * exp(-0.5*qf*qf); |
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106 | return 1.0e-4*fq*fq; |
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107 | """ |
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108 | |
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109 | Iqxy = """ |
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110 | // never called since no orientation or magnetic parameters. |
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111 | //return -1.0; |
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112 | return Iq(sqrt(qx*qx + qy*qy), sld, solvent_sld, radius, fuzziness); |
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113 | """ |
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114 | |
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115 | def ER(radius): |
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116 | """ |
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117 | Return radius |
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118 | """ |
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119 | return radius |
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120 | |
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121 | # VR defaults to 1.0 |
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122 | |
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123 | demo = dict(scale=1, background=0.001, |
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124 | sld=1, solvent_sld=3, |
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125 | radius=60, |
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126 | fuzziness=10, |
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127 | radius_pd=.2, radius_pd_n=45, |
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128 | fuzziness_pd=.2, fuzziness_pd_n=0) |
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129 | |
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130 | oldname = "FuzzySphereModel" |
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131 | oldpars = dict(sld='sldSph', solvent_sld='sldSolv', radius='radius', fuzziness='fuzziness') |
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132 | |
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133 | |
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134 | tests = [ |
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135 | # Accuracy tests based on content in test/utest_models_new1_3.py |
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136 | #[{'background': 0.001}, 1.0, 0.001], |
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137 | |
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138 | [{}, 0.00301005, 359.2315], |
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139 | |
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140 | ] |
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