source: sasmodels/sasmodels/models/elliptical_cylinder.py @ 2d81cfe

core_shell_microgelsmagnetic_modelticket-1257-vesicle-productticket_1156ticket_1265_superballticket_822_more_unit_tests
Last change on this file since 2d81cfe was 2d81cfe, checked in by Paul Kienzle <pkienzle@…>, 6 years ago

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1# pylint: disable=line-too-long
2r"""
3
4.. figure:: img/elliptical_cylinder_geometry.png
5
6   Elliptical cylinder geometry $a = r_\text{minor}$
7   and $\nu = r_\text{major} / r_\text{minor}$ is the *axis_ratio*.
8
9The function calculated is
10
11.. math::
12
13    I(\vec q)=\frac{1}{V_\text{cyl}}\int{d\psi}\int{d\phi}\int{
14        p(\theta,\phi,\psi)F^2(\vec q,\alpha,\psi)\sin(\alpha)d\alpha}
15
16with the functions
17
18.. math::
19
20    F(q,\alpha,\psi) = 2\frac{J_1(a)\sin(b)}{ab}
21
22where
23
24.. math::
25
26    a = qr'\sin(\alpha)
27
28    b = q\frac{L}{2}\cos(\alpha)
29
30    r'=\frac{r_{minor}}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{(1+\nu^{2}) + (1-\nu^{2})cos(\psi)}
31
32
33and the angle $\psi$ is defined as the orientation of the major axis of the
34ellipse with respect to the vector $\vec q$. The angle $\alpha$ is the angle
35between the axis of the cylinder and $\vec q$.
36
37
38For 1D scattering, with no preferred orientation, the form factor is averaged over all possible orientations and normalized
39by the particle volume
40
41.. math::
42
43    P(q) = \text{scale}  <F^2> / V
44
45For 2d data the orientation of the particle is required, described using a different set
46of angles as in the diagrams below, for further details of the calculation and angular
47dispersions  see :ref:`orientation` .
48
49
50.. figure:: img/elliptical_cylinder_angle_definition.png
51
52    Note that the angles here are not the same as in the equations for the scattering function.
53    Rotation $\theta$, initially in the $xz$ plane, is carried out first, then
54    rotation $\phi$ about the $z$ axis, finally rotation $\Psi$ is now around the axis of the cylinder.
55    The neutron or X-ray beam is along the $z$ axis.
56
57.. figure:: img/elliptical_cylinder_angle_projection.png
58
59    Examples of the angles for oriented elliptical cylinders against the
60    detector plane, with $\Psi$ = 0.
61
62The $\theta$ and $\phi$ parameters to orient the cylinder only appear in the model when fitting 2d data.
63
64
65NB: The 2nd virial coefficient of the cylinder is calculated based on the
66averaged radius $(=\sqrt{r_\text{minor}^2 * \text{axis ratio}})$ and length
67values, and used as the effective radius for $S(Q)$ when $P(Q)*S(Q)$ is applied.
68
69
70Validation
71----------
72
73Validation of our code was done by comparing the output of the 1D calculation
74to the angular average of the output of the 2D calculation over all possible
75angles.
76
77In the 2D average, more binning in the angle $\phi$ is necessary to get the
78proper result. The following figure shows the results of the averaging by
79varying the number of angular bins.
80
81.. figure:: img/elliptical_cylinder_averaging.png
82
83    The intensities averaged from 2D over different numbers of bins and angles.
84
85References
86----------
87
88L A Feigin and D I Svergun, *Structure Analysis by Small-Angle X-Ray and
89Neutron Scattering*, Plenum, New York, (1987) [see table 3.4]
90
91Authorship and Verification
92----------------------------
93
94* **Author:**
95* **Last Modified by:**
96* **Last Reviewed by:**  Richard Heenan - corrected equation in docs **Date:** December 21, 2016
97"""
98
99import numpy as np
100from numpy import pi, inf, sqrt, sin, cos
101
102name = "elliptical_cylinder"
103title = "Form factor for an elliptical cylinder."
104description = """
105    Form factor for an elliptical cylinder.
106    See L A Feigin and D I Svergun, Structure Analysis by Small-Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering, Plenum, New York, (1987).
107"""
108category = "shape:cylinder"
109
110# pylint: disable=bad-whitespace, line-too-long
111#             ["name", "units", default, [lower, upper], "type","description"],
112parameters = [["radius_minor",     "Ang",        20.0,  [0, inf],    "volume",      "Ellipse minor radius"],
113              ["axis_ratio",   "",          1.5,   [1, inf],    "volume",      "Ratio of major radius over minor radius"],
114              ["length",      "Ang",        400.0, [1, inf],    "volume",      "Length of the cylinder"],
115              ["sld",         "1e-6/Ang^2", 4.0,   [-inf, inf], "sld",         "Cylinder scattering length density"],
116              ["sld_solvent", "1e-6/Ang^2", 1.0,   [-inf, inf], "sld",         "Solvent scattering length density"],
117              ["theta",       "degrees",    90.0,  [-360, 360], "orientation", "cylinder axis to beam angle"],
118              ["phi",         "degrees",    0,     [-360, 360], "orientation", "rotation about beam"],
119              ["psi",         "degrees",    0,     [-360, 360], "orientation", "rotation about cylinder axis"]]
120
121# pylint: enable=bad-whitespace, line-too-long
122
123source = ["lib/polevl.c", "lib/sas_J1.c", "lib/gauss76.c", "lib/gauss20.c",
124          "elliptical_cylinder.c"]
125
126demo = dict(scale=1, background=0, radius_minor=100, axis_ratio=1.5, length=400.0,
127            sld=4.0, sld_solvent=1.0, theta=10.0, phi=20, psi=30,
128            theta_pd=10, phi_pd=2, psi_pd=3)
129
130def ER(radius_minor, axis_ratio, length):
131    """
132        Equivalent radius
133        @param radius_minor: Ellipse minor radius
134        @param axis_ratio: Ratio of major radius over minor radius
135        @param length: Length of the cylinder
136    """
137    radius = sqrt(radius_minor * radius_minor * axis_ratio)
138    ddd = 0.75 * radius * (2 * radius * length
139                           + (length + radius) * (length + pi * radius))
140    return 0.5 * (ddd) ** (1. / 3.)
141
142def random():
143    # V = pi * radius_major * radius_minor * length;
144    volume = 10**np.random.uniform(3, 9)
145    length = 10**np.random.uniform(1, 3)
146    axis_ratio = 10**np.random.uniform(0, 2)
147    radius_minor = np.sqrt(volume/length/axis_ratio)
148    volfrac = 10**np.random.uniform(-4, -2)
149    pars = dict(
150        #background=0, sld=0, sld_solvent=1,
151        scale=1e9*volfrac/volume,
152        length=length,
153        radius_minor=radius_minor,
154        axis_ratio=axis_ratio,
155    )
156    return pars
157
158q = 0.1
159# april 6 2017, rkh added a 2d unit test, NOT READY YET pull #890 branch assume correct!
160qx = q*cos(pi/6.0)
161qy = q*sin(pi/6.0)
162
163tests = [
164    [{'radius_minor': 20.0, 'axis_ratio': 1.5, 'length':400.0}, 'ER', 79.89245454155024],
165    [{'radius_minor': 20.0, 'axis_ratio': 1.2, 'length':300.0}, 'VR', 1],
166
167    # The SasView test result was 0.00169, with a background of 0.001
168    [{'radius_minor': 20.0, 'axis_ratio': 1.5, 'sld': 4.0, 'length':400.0,
169      'sld_solvent':1.0, 'background':0.0},
170     0.001, 675.504402],
171    #[{'theta':80., 'phi':10.}, (qx, qy), 7.88866563001 ],
172]
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